APPLICATIONS OF NITROGEN

SUBMITTED BY : ABDULLAH AMJAD

ROLL NO : 20011507-071
SUBMITTED TO : MA’AM UMME HABIBA
COURSE CODE : CHEM -402
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr.No. Contents Slide No.

1. Introduction 3
2. Why nitrogen acts an inert gas 4
3. Applications of nitrogen 6
4. References 16

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 1. Introduction
• Invisible, silent, a gas unseen, it weaves its magic cloak around our world,
composing 78% of Earth's breath.
• Unwilling to share its dance, it resists bonding, a loner in the group of
pnictogens, paints Earth's green canvas, where wonder blooms.
• In proteins' intricate tapestry, in DNA's whispered code, nitrogen binds the
symphony of life, a silent architect whose magic flows unseen, yet felt in
every beat, every seed, every green.

3
 2. Why nitrogen is an inert gas

Robust triple bond between the two nitrogen atoms.

Like a calm friend with a full coat of electrons

Avoid chemical reactions at ordinary conditions.

The dissociation energy is very large (225 kcal/mol).

4

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 2.1 Inertness of nitrogen molecule

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 3. Applications of nitrogen
• Nitrogen feeds the world, nourishing crops through fertilizers and
preserving freshness in packaging.
• Its inert nature protects from fires, cleans pipelines, and creates
controlled environments.
• Liquid nitrogen freezes tissues for preservation and adds zip to
cryotherapy treatments.
• From flash-freezing food to studying proteins, nitrogen fuels
scientific exploration.
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 3.1 The lifeblood of agriculture
• Nitrogen is the backbone of protein, the building block of life.
• Nitrogen acts like a plant's personal trainer, building proteins and
boosting photosynthesis.
• Synthetic fertilizers, crafted with nitrogen-rich ammonia, provide
readily available nourishment for crops.
• Adequate nitrogen levels can help plants resist environmental stresses
like drought, pests, and diseases.
• Imagine juicy fruits, crisp vegetables, and strong grains, all thanks to
the magic of nitrogen!
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 3.2 Food preservation
• Nitrogen's inert nature makes it a champion in food
preservation
• Nitrogen replaces oxygen in packaging, slowing down the
growth of spoilage-causing bacteria and fungi.
• Nitrogen's inert nature protects delicate flavors and aromas
from , ensuring your food tastes as delicious as intended.
• Extended shelf life means less food waste and more time to
enjoy your groceries
• From meats and cheeses to chips and nuts, nitrogen safely
8 preserves a wide range of foods.
 3.3 Chemical blanketing
• Nitrogen acts as a vigilant guardian by blanketing chemical
processes, creating an inert shield against undesired reactions.
• In pharma it protect the sensitive active ingredients from oxidation in
oral liquid products.
• For oxygen-sensitive chemicals, nitrogen acts as a shield, preventing
oxidative reactions and deterioration.
• Used in many industries to prevent fires, explosion, or degradation
of products during their production, storage, and transport.

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 3.4 Industrial applications
• Its inertness makes it ideal for purging pipelines and preventing
oxidation in metalworking
• In tire manufacturing, nitrogen inflation helps maintain consistent
pressure, improving fuel efficiency and tire longevity
• It's used to create controlled environments for delicate chip fabrication
and to prevent fires in sensitive equipment.
• Nitrogen has replaced carbon in the manufacturing of high-strength
stainless steel.
• It used in purging pipelines, vessels, and equipment.

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 3.5 Liquid nitrogen as coolant
• Industries leverage liquid nitrogen's cryogenic prowess to shrink-fit
metal components
• Heat-sensitive equipment such as infrared and x-ray detectors are
cooled using liquid nitrogen.
• It is used in cryogenic deflashing process in rubber and plastic
industry.
• From studying proteins at super-cold temperatures to preserving
biological samples for future analysis, nitrogen fuels scientific
exploration.
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 3.6 Raw material for fertilizer
• It is used in Haber's process for the manufacture of ammonia by
reaction of nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas.
• Ammonia, derived from nitrogen, is a key ingredient in the
production of fertilizers, providing essential nitrogen compounds
crucial for plant growth.
• Nitrogen-based fertilizers, such as urea and ammonium nitrate,
enhance soil fertility, promoting robust crop yields by supplying
plants with the vital nitrogen they need.
• Nitrogen enhances the plant's biological processes including growth,
absorption, transportation, and excretion.
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 N2+3H2 ⇌ 2NH3 Urea Essential nutrients
Ammonium
nitrate
• Haber’s process • Nitrogenous • Better yield &
Fertilizers quality of
plants

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 3.7 Medical marvels
• Pure liquid nitrogen is used for preserving biological
material such as microbes, cells and tissues
• Liquid nitrogen becomes a dermatologist's ally,
delicately removing skin lesions and warts
• Used in cryotherapy that uses extreme cold (liquid
nitrogen) to freeze and destroy tissue without pain.
• It is used in manufacturing of medicines like quinine and
morphine.
• Pharmaceutical manufacturing relies on liquid nitrogen
for flash freezing and preserving medications, ensuring
potency and stability in drug formulations.
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 3.8 In making explosives

Sulfuric acid &

• Nitrogen gas Heat • TNT
• Oxygen • Formation of • Nitroglycerine
• Water nitric acid

Birkeland &
Explosives
Eyde’s Process

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 4. References
• Kimmel, D. B. (2007). Mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic profile, and clinical applications of nitrogen-
containing bisphosphonates. Journal of dental research, 86(11),
1022-1033.
• Evison, b., & Gilchrist, R. E. (1992, april). New developments in
nitrogen in the oil industry. In SPE oklahoma city oil and gas
symposium/production and operations symposium (pp. Spe-24313).
Spe.
• Huberty, m. S., Wagner, A. L., Mccormick, A., & Cussler, E. (2012).
Ammonia absorption at haber process conditions. Aiche
journal, 58(11), 3526-3532.
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THANK YOU !