 Filipino as an Ancestral Warriors

 Spanish Colonization
 Upraising Against Spain
 Filipinos in Spanish Military Arm Service
 The First Formal Truly Filipino Military

Organization
 The Commonwealth Army (1935-1945)
 The Third Republic
 The Martial Law Years & Fourth Republic
 The Fifth Republic
 The Sixth Republic
 The Seventh Republic
 The Eight Republic
 Conclusion
 Filipinos have never been known as
militaristic people yet they are known as
warlike people.
 Non-conformist individuals who are likely

to resist regimentation.
 Openly called as boor and bare.
 By such, attitude erodes discipline which is

a vital pre-requisite for the evolution of

brotherhood.
 The rule was first introduced to the rest
when Ferdinand Magellan discovered the
island on 16 Mar 1521. He befriended Rajahs
Kulambu and Siagu.
 Magellan’s effort to firmly establish Spanish
rule over the islands were put in vain when
he was killed by a local chieftain named
Lapu-lapu in the Battle of Mactan.
 Only 18 men and 1 ship (Victoria) returned
to Spain.
 Feb 1565, another expedition headed by
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi succeeded where
Magellan’s had failed.
 Legaspi established a Spanish forthold in
Cebu and nearby areas; Spanish control
extended over the rest of the island.
 In 1571, Martin de Goiti captured Manila and
made it as the colony’s capital. From then on,
Spanish ruled over the islands because of an
established pact, a condition that lasted for 333
years.
 The colonial rule was not a benevolent one. The
populace were kept deliberately ignorant by
denying education to all but a handful of the
nature gentry.
 As early as the first decade of Spanish rule, the
Filipinos already rose in revolt. Notable of which are:
◦ Rajah Lakandula in 1574
◦ Magat Salamat in 1588
◦ Tamblot in Bohol in 1622
◦ Igorot in 1601
◦ Gaddangs in 1621
◦ Leyte in 1622
◦ Malong’s Revolt in 1660
◦ Timawas Uprising in 1763
◦ Basi and Silang Revolt in Ilocos
◦ Dagohoy Rebellion in Bohol
 The reason for these uprisings were varied
stemming from protest against unfair practices
and discrimination. The previous uprisings
failed because Filipinos again could not unite
against the common enemy until finally, the
savage retribution after the failed Cavite
Mutiny of 1872 planted the seed of a truly
national uprising of 1896.
 The early rule of Spaniards in our made
them realized that they need the help of the
mature Filipinos if they want to keep
themselves in power.
 Recruitment of natives proved to be a great
value to them as they conquered the entire
archipelago with the implementation of “we
conquer, decide and rule” policy.
 Filipinos were also engaged in foreign
aggressions.
 Filipinos distinguished themselves by their
courage, loyalty and leadership talents.
 At the outbreak of Phil Revolution, the
Spain had 1,500 Spanish troops and
complimented with Filipino warriors of
about 6,000 native soldiers.
 KKK was organized by Andres Bonifacio
 Two phases of revolution were formed.
(Magdalo and Magdiwang faction) -
◦ The peasant-initiated revolution spearheaded by
the Katipunan up to the time of the Biak-na-Bato
Pact.
◦ The rturn of Aguinaldo to the proclamation of
Philippine Independence of June 12, 1898.
 In the Tejeros Convention of 1897, the
revolutionary gov’t of 1897 was organized.
Among the agreed appointments is the
designation on Mar 22, 1897 of Gen Artemio
Ricarte as CG. Formalization of various arms of
the army such as Arty, Cavalry, Ordnance,
Commissary, Quartermaster, Signal, Medical
and Dental Services as well as the local
Sandatahan (Militia).
 The infant Phil Army has its baptism of fire during the
war against America on Feb 4, 1899. The army about
30,000 men whom 16,000 were fully armed except 26,000
poorly-armed militia.
 Gen Ricarte was captured in 1910. He died in 1945 stil a
defiant patriot.
 Others who continued to resist were Macario Sakay
proclaimed as Pres of the Tagalog Republic and General
Bicol.
 Other leaders dubbed as COLORUM MOVEMENTS
emerged from 1901 to 1910.
 With the passing of the Tydings-McDuffy Law
in 1934, Commonweath of the Phils was
inaugurated in 1935.
 Commonwealth (National Defense) Act Nr 1
Circa 1935 was passed. An act provides for the
establishment of the National Defense Forces.
 Phil Army was reactivated on 11 Jan 1936 pur
to EO Nr 11 with Phil Constabulary elements as
its nucleus.
 The 10 Reserve Divisions were drawn from
10 Military Districts in which the Phils is
divided.
 On July 26, 1941 US Pres Franklin Delano
Rooisevelt called into services of the US
Army the 2 Regular and 10 Res Div as part
of the USAFFE contingent and were called
to active duty the following day.
 Pres Roxas issued EO Nr 92 dtd Oct 4, 1947.
The Army was renamed the Armed Forces
of the Philippines.
 May 6, 1948 - 4 mil areas were activated
replacing the 10 mil district. On same date,
the mil training command were elevated to
Major Commands as Phil ground Force, Phil
Naval Patrol and the Philippine Air Force.
 In 1950, 7Army Commands and 26 BCT (BCTs) were organized,
5 of these BCTs took turns in serving with the PEFTOK from
1950-1953.
 On Dec 30, Pres Quirino issued EO Nr 359 creating the 4 Major
Services: Phil Army, Phil Constabulary, Phil Air Force and Phil
Navy.
 Scout Ranger as organized by then CPT RAFAEL ILETO used in
the neutralization of Huks. When the need for the Scout Rangers
no longer existed brought about by lack of action, the 1st Scout
Ranger Regiment was deactivated in 1959.
 On July 1, 1957, HPA was organized with BGEN
LEONCIO TAN as Commanding General.
 In the late 1960’s, Army was also utilized as a National
Defense Force and as a nation-builder.
 The Army Corps of Engrs with 51st Engr Bde as nucleus.
 By 1970, 1 Army Division (1st TABAK) and 3 Bdes (2nd,
4th and 5th) as well as supporting anti-tank Artillery and
independent Armor company size units were activated.
 Sept 21, 1972 - Pres Marcos declared Martial Law
all over the country.
 Faced with serious insurgent, Marcos expanded the
Army from 29,000 in 1972 to 65,000 in 1986 and
strengthened the 3 independent Bdes to full
Divisions.
 The Phil Light Armor Regiment later renamed
PALAB was organized.
 The First Scout Ranger Regiment was reactivated.
 Aug 21, 1983- Sen Benigno Aquino was assassinated.
 The NPA regained strength from only 3,000 in 1979
to 25,000 guerillas in 1986.
 Resentment within the military grew, thus the birth
of Reform the AFP Movement (RAM) headed by Sen
Honasan and Min Juan Ponce Enrile.
 Feb 7, 1986 Pres Marcos called for SNAP Election.
The opposition rallied behind Sen Aquino’s widow
Mrs Corazon C Aquino.
 Minister Enrile tried to mount a coup but failed when
the plan was discovered and arrested some
perpetrators on 22 Feb ‘86.
 LT GEN FIDEL V RAMOS joined Enrile in the
barricading Cp Crame announcing their support to
Mrs Aquino as the rightful President.
 Agapito Aquino, brother of the slain senator and
Archibishop Jaime Sin urged the people to surround
the camps in order to protect the Enrile and Ramos
thus what came to known as the Edsa People Power
Revolution.
 Feb 24, 1986 when a flight of several Sikorsky who
were ordered to strafed Cp Crame landed on said
camp and defected instead.
 Military support for Marcos eroded swiftly and
accepted US offer to fly him out of Malacanang
Palace.
 He was eventually forced into exile in Hawaii where
he died in 1989.
 It was the most bloodless “REVOLUTION” in
history.
 Manila Hotel Incident (July 7, 1986)
 GOD SAVE THE QUEEN incident

(Nov 1986)
 Channel 4 incident (Jan 1987)
 August 28, 1987 Coup
 December 1-9, 1989 coup
 Black Forest Incidents ( Apr 1987)
 Aguinaldo Caper (March 4, 1990)
 Noble Uprising (Oct 1990)
 Establishment of PNP
 The signing of the Peace Agreement
between Nur Misuari of the MNLF and the
Government of President Ramos is a
positive development although it faces
considerable opposition especially from the
Christian communities in Mindanao.
 Pres Estrada was sworn into office on Jun
98.
 Pres Estrada was exposed as allegedly
involved in the jueteng operations in the
country by Gov Chavit Singson.
 Impeachment trial was not completed
when the historical 10-11 vote against the
opening of the second envelope.
 Pres Estrada called for an election.
 People no longer believe in his administration.
 EDSA People Power II was once again made.
 GEN ANGELO T REYES, CS, AFP deflected
followed by the SND and other military and police
leaders.
 Pres Estrada stepped down believing he’s only on
leave.
 President GLORIA MACAPAGAL-
ARROYO was sworn into power on 21 Jan
2001.
 The one-month government is now making

the most of it.

 Legalities on the rights of her presidency is

still being questioned since Pres Estrada

did not tendered his resignation.
 Ten years after the EDSA revolution, the AFP has
regained prestige and credibility in the eyes of the people and
government. The rebellions and the Human Right issues were
slowly being resolved. The communist challenge has been
beaten back and the greater discipline and professionalism
repeatedly displayed by the members of the military
establishment has earned admiration from critical observers
both here and abroad. But with greater awareness and a
higher sense of duty among the military, we are confident
that we are in the right path towards the achievement of
modern, effective, professional and truly popular Armed
Forces of the people.