PROJECT ON

LPG REFRIGERATOR
DONE BY:
KARTHIK KESHAV
BHUVAN J
SURYA RAVISHANKAR
R V RUTHU
CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 COMPONENTS
 CONSTRUCTION
 PRINCIPLE OF LPG REFRIGERATOR
 WORKING OF VCR
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT
 Supply of continuous electricity is still not available in
several areas of the country and at such places, this work
will be helpful for refrigeration of food, medicines, etc.
 LPG comprises of 24.4% propane, 56.4% butane and 17.2%
iso-butene which is used as a refrigerant.
 TheLPG is cheaper and is environmental friendly and has
no Ozone Depletion Potential and no Global Warming
Potential.
INTRODUCTION
 Due to the huge demand of electricity in India, we think of recovering
the energy which is already spent but not being utilised further, to
overcome this crisis with less investment.
 The government agencies are not able to continuously supply a major
portion of electricity in both the urban as well as in rural areas.
 Still the people in these regions require refrigeration for a variety of
socially relevant purposes such as, cold storage or storing medical
supplies and domestic food items.
 This project has the novelty of using LPG instead of electricity.
COMPONENTS
 LPG GAS CYLINDER
From the LPG gas cylinder, LPG flows through
the pipe and reaches to the capillary tube. LPG
gas pressure is approximately 12-18 bar.

 CAPILLARY TUBE
The capillary tube downs the pressure upto, less
than 1.4 bar. It’s diameter 3mm.
 EVAPORATOR
The evaporator is an important part of the
refrigeration system, which produces the
cooling effect in the vapour form at low
pressure and temperature.

 PRESSURE GAUGE
Many techniques have been developed for the
measurement of pressure and vacuums.
Instruments used to measure pressure are called
pressure gauges. These gauges are available in 63mm,
100mm and 150mm sizes.
 HIGH PRESSURE PIPES
The range of high pressure pipes

covers most application where there

is a requirement to transfer gas at high

pressure. They consist of steel pipe with a

steel ball fitted to both ends. All pipes are

pressure tested to 100MPa(200PSI) over

recommended working pressure.

CONSTRUCTION
 Consider a box of made of thermocol sheet. The thermocol sheet is kept because the cold air
cannot transfer from inside to outside the refrigerator.
 The evaporator is wrapped totally with aluminium tape.
 The gas cylinder is connected to high pressure regulator, which is in turn connected to high
pressure pipes .To the other end of the high pressure pipes, the pressure gauge is connected.
 To the other end of a copper tube capillary tube is connected. The capillary tube if fitted with
evaporator. The evaporator coil end is connected to the stove by another high pressure pipe.
 One pressure gauge is put between the capillary tube and cylinder, and the other is put at the end
of evaporator.
PRINCIPLE OF LPG REFRIGERATOR
 The basic idea behind LPG refrigerator is to use the LPG to absorb heat. The simple mechanism
of the LPG refrigerator is shown below
LPG is stored in the cylinder under high pressure. When regulator is opened then
high pressure LPG passes through the high pressure pipe. This gas is going by high
pressure pipe to capillary tube. High pressure LPG is converted to low pressure at
capillary tube while enthalpy remains constant. After capillary tube, low pressure
LPG is passed through the evaporator. LPG is converted into low pressure and
temperature vapor formed passes the evaporator which absorbs heat from the
chamber. Thus the chamber cools down. Thus we can achieve cooling effect in
refrigerator. After passing through the evaporator, low pressure LPG is passed from
the pipe to burner. And we can use the low pressure of LPG in burning processes.
The LPG Refrigerator works on the simple Vapour Compression Refrigeration
system.
 WORKING OF VCR
 Process 2-3:When the compressor is started, it draws the low pressure vapour from the evaporator at state 2 and
compresses it isentropically to sufficiently high pressure up to state 3. Since in compression work is done on the
vapour, its temp also increases and hence it is converted into low pressure adiabatically i.e. enthalpy remains
constant. After capillary tube, this low pressure LPG is passed through evaporator. In the evaporator LPG is
converted into low pressure and temperature form which it absorbs the heat from the cooling chamber. Thus the
cooling chamber cools down.

 Process 3-4:Hot vapour from compressor under pressure is discharged into the condenser where condenser
cooling medium usually water or surrounding air is absorb the heat from hot vapour. This converts the hot vapour
into liquid and the liquid is collected in liquid receiver at state 4.

 Process 4-1:The liquid from the liquid receiver at high pressure is then piped to a refrigerant control valve which
regulates the flow of liquid into the evaporator. This control valve, while restricting the flow, also reduces the
pressure of the liquid with the result the liquid change into vapour of low dryness fraction represented by state 1.
During this process the temperature of the refrigerant reduces corresponding to its pressure.
 Process 1-2:Finally, the low pressure, low temperature refrigerant passes through the evaporator
coil where it absorb its latent heat from the cold chamber or from brine solution at constant
pressure and converts into vapour at state 2. It is again supplied to compressor. Thus, the cycle is
completed.
ADVANTAGES
 Large amount of refrigeration at lower initial purchase and operating cost.
 Very efficient.
 Very compact system for small to very large heat loads.
 Cycle can be reversed for heat pump operation.

DISADVANTAGES
 Parts can wear out.
 System causes noise.
 Potential refrigerant leaks.
 Operates in limited orientation.
APPLICATIONS
 Household refrigerator
 Air conditioners
 Water coolers
 Ice and ice cream makers
 Deep freezers
CONCLUSION
 Propane is an attractive and environmental friendly alternative to CFCs used currently.
 Mass flow rate increases with increase in capillary inner diameter and coil diameter whereas,
mass flow rate decreases with increase in length. It was observe that the COP of system increases
with similar change in geometry of capillary tube.
 Cooling capacities obtained were 3-4 folds higher for LPG than those for R-12 capillary tube.
 Higher COP values were obtained. The use of LPG as a replacement refrigerant is the solution for
Ozone Depletion Potential problem and the Global Warming Potential.
REFERENCE
 www.google.com
 https://www.seminarsonly.com/Engineering-Projects/Mechanical/lpg-refrigeration
-system.php
THANK
YOU