SAINT JOSEPH COLLEGE MAASIN CITY

HISTORICAL
ANTECEDENTS OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
"Those Who Do Not Learn History Are
Doomed To Repeat It."
- Sir Winston Churchill
 ANTECEDENT
S
• It is defined as a precursor to the unfolding or existence of something.
• Antecedents of science and technology are factors that paved way for
the presence of advanced and sophisticated scientific and
technological innovations today.
• We can use the historical developments of science and technology to
come up with proper decisions and applications of science and
technology to daily life.
 HISTORICAL
ANTECEDENTS
MIDDLE

HISTORICAL
ANCIENT MODERN
ANTECEDENTS
ANCIENT PERIOD
• Ancient civilization paved the way for advances in science and technology.

• These advances during the ancient period allowed civilizations to flourish by

finding better ways of communication, transportation, self-organization and ways of
living.
ANCIENT WHEEL
• People from ancient
civilization used animals as
means of transportation.

• The invention of ancient

wheel is credited to the
Sumerians.
ANCIENT WHEEL
POTTER’S WHEEL ANCIENT WHEEL
PAPER
• Around 3000 B.C., the ancient
Egyptians began writing on a
papyrus.

• It is made up from a pith of plant

called cyperus papyrus.
• Before the invention of papyrus,
writing and record-keeping is done on
stones and tablets.
SHADOOF
• A tool used and invented by
ancient Egyptians to irrigate
land.
• It is a hand-operated device used
for lifting water.

• Its invention introduced the idea

of lifting things using
counterweights.
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
• Discovered in 1902 and retrieved
from the waters of Antikythera,
Greece.
• It is a mechanism similar to a
clock for it has a circular face
and rotating hands.
• It is believed that this mechanism
is used to predict astronomical
positions and eclipses.
ANTIKYTHERA
MECHANISM
AEOLIPILE
• It is also known as the Hero’s engine.

• It is a steam-powered turbine which

spins as the water container at its
center is heated.

• At first, it doesn’t served any practical

purpose. It is believed to be one of the
“temple wonders” at that time.
MIDDLE AGES
• The major advances in scientific and technological development took place in this
period.
• These advancements include constant increase if new inventions, innovations in
traditional production and the emergence of scientific thinking and method.
HEAVY PLOUGH
“The heavy plough turned European agriculture
and economy on its head. The fields with heavy,
fatty soil became those that gave the greatest
yields.”
- Prof. Thomas Andersen

- Because of the invention of heavy plough,

northern Europe saw rapid economic
prosperity.
GUNPOWDER
- Around 850 A.D., Chinese alchemists
accidentally invented the gunpowder.
- Prior to the invention of gunpowder,
swords and spears were used in battles
and wars.
- The invention of gunpowder has
allowed advanced warfare such as
fiery arrows, cannons and grenades.
PAPER MONEY
- Paper money was first used by
Chinese in 17th century.
- Before the introduction of paper
money, merchants and traders used
precious metals such as gold and
silver.
• They realized that using paper money
brought advantages because it is
easier to keep and transport.
MECHANICAL CLOCK
• The development of mechanical
clock helped the people in
accurately keeping the track of
time.
• The sophistication of clockwork
technology drastically changed
the way of spending the day and
work patterns were established.
SPINNING WHEEL
• A machine used to transform fiber
into thread or yarn and eventually
woven into cloth.
• It is theorized that the Indians are the
one invented the spinning wheel
between 6th and 11th century.

• It sped up the rate of manually

spinning fiber by 10 to 100 times.
MODERN AGES
• Historical period when people realized the importance of the efficiency of
transportation, communication and production.

• Industrialization took place but with greater risk on human health, food safety and
environment.
TELESCOPE
• Invented by Galileo Galilei that
can magnify 20 times larger than
a regular glasses.

• This is used to discover

important astronomical
discoveries such as craters and
mountains in moon.
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
• Invented by a Dutch
Zacharias Janssen in 1590’s.

• Nowadays, microscope is
used in many scientific
studies in the area of
medicine, forensics and
genetics.
JACQUARD LOOM
• Built by French weaver Joseph Marie
Jacquard which simplifies textile
manufacturing.

• Prior to this invention, a drawloom is

used which requires two persons to
operate.
ENGINE-POWERED
AIRPLANE • Invented by Orville Wright and
Wilbur Wright.
• They demonstrated that slightly-tilted
wings are the key features of a flying
aircraft.
TELEVISION
- Invented by Scottish engineer John Logie
Baird in 1920s.

- British Broadcasting Corporation used this

for its earliest television programming in
1929.
- This first television is mechanical and not
the same as the television we have
nowadays.
 Inventions by
Filipino Scientists
E-Jeepney
Erythromycin
 Invented by Abelardo
Aguilar
 Created from the strain
of bacterium
Streptomyces erthreus
Medical Incubator
 Invented by Fe Del
Mundo
Mole Remover
 Credited for the invention of
the mole remover is Mr.
Rolando Dela Cruz
 made from cashew nuts
extracts
Banana Ketchup
 Invented by the
Maria Y. Orosa