FORMULATION OF

SITUATIONAL
ANALYSIS
 What has
been your
recent
challenge in
love/life?
 What has
been your
recent
challenge in
your work?

in providing
technical
assistance?
in planning
and
budgeting? in achieving
school
targets?
PESTLE in
STRATEGIC
PLANNING

SUSAN S. COLLANO
Schools Division Superintendent
SDO Naga City
9august2023
 Objectives

1. Discuss the elements of PESTLE in strategic planning

2. Integrate an accurate, data-based PESTLE with SWOT analysis
to better understand effects and impact of stakeholders.
3. Appreciate macro tools to understand micro-environments in
schools
• A framework or tool used to
analyze and monitor the macro- PESTLE
environmental factors that may
have a profound impact on
organization’s performance.

• PESTLE analysis is a strategic

planning tool that is used to examine
various factors that affect the market
environment for a business or
organization.
 Why
important?
Main purpose:
- to understand what external forces may affect your
organization and how those factors could create
opportunities or threats to your school.

• understand current external influences on the schools so

you can work on facts rather than assumptions
 Think &
Share

Describe P E S T L E in your division or

school
https://www.shutterstock.co
Instructions: Run a PESTLE analysis of your school
POLITICAL
Question: Who is in what position,
power, vision, directions, etc.?
What is happening politically in
your environment in which you
operate, including laws,
regulations, political stability,
employment practices,
stakeholders, etc?
Issues/Challenges IMPACT
ECONOMIC
Question: financial/funding
implications, productivity, etc
Question: What is happening
within the economy in the
environment, community,
surrounding, inflation rate, etc?
Issues/Challenges IMPACT
SOCIAL
Social: what is and is not acceptable
within the culture?
What is occurring socially in the
environment in which you operate or
expect to operate, cultural norms and
expectations, health consciousness,
population growth rate, age
distribution, career attitudes, emphasis
on safety, global warming.
Issues/Challenges Impact
TECHNOLOGICAL
Technological: new computer systems or
other new technology?
What is happening technology-wise
which can impact what you do,
technology is leaping every two years,
how will this impact your services, things
that were not possible five years ago are
now mainstreamed.
Issues/ IMPACT
Challenges
LEGAL
Legal: changes to employment law,
recruitment, policies, etc.
What is happening with changes to
legislation? This may impact
employment, access to education,
resources, policy directives, priorities,
etc.
Issues/ IMPACT
Challenges
ENVIRONMENTAL: the space available,
what can or cannot be moved where etc.
What is happening with respect to
ecological and environmental issues?
Many of these factors will be economic
or social in nature.
Issues/ Impact
Challenges
Political •Schools being privatized
olitical
•A government initiative creates the risk that the
school may fail to deliver the policy or be diverted
away from local priorities etc.
•Changes to the skills required to be a teacher/ tutor
•Changes to curriculum with short lead times
•Requirement to be self managing
•Requirement to be self financing
Economic •Central or local government funding decisions may affect school
•Closure of a local industry may affect fund raising plans etc.
•Ability of parents to raise funds for optional activities
•The need to run breakfast/ after schools clubs Economic
•Ability to invest ‘savings/ surpluses’
• determinants of a certain economy’s performance on
•Cost of providing resources:
education • Staff – teaching & support
• affects the•way companies
Basics price their products and
– books/ paper
services • Technology solutions laptops etc
•Interest rates
• may have•Shortages
a direct orofindirect
materials on national/
long-term international
impact markets
on a company,
•Over provision
since it affects of school
the purchasing places
power in the area resulting
of consumers and couldin competition
possibly from
changeneighboring schoolsmodels in the economy
demand/supply
•The risk of highly valued, key staff moving on to more ‘up and coming’
schools/ academies
Social •Decline in birth rate, reflecting national trends
Social
•Local population changes (increasing/ decreasing numbers)
•Demographic changes may affect likely pupil rolls or the nature of
pupils needs e.g. pupils with English as a second language etc.
• represents the•Closure
demographic characteristics,
of local firms norms, customs and
providing employment
values of the •population within
Inability to attract staffwhich the organization operates
• •Social networking
especially important – blogs,when
for marketers facebook, twitter certain
targeting
customers •Changes to qualifications expected
•Integration with local community
• says something about the
•Integration local workforce
of students with specialand
needsits willingness to
work under certain
•parentalconditions.
preference – an increase in ‘parent power’ has allowed
parents more freedom of choice over their child’s school
•the risk of highly valued, key staff moving on to more up-and-coming
establishments
•Information is accessible to staff anywhere in the world via the
Internet
•Staff were not given enough training or access to effectively change
their habits and how they expected information to be made available
Technological •Changes to standards/ equipment required
Technological
•Risk of selecting the wrong technology at
times ofthat
• innovations in technology change (i.e.the
may affect windows -v- open
operations
source)
of the industry and the market favorably or unfavorably
•New computer viruses may affect school/
college
• refers to technology operations,
incentives, the level of innovation,
automation, research and development (R&D) activity,
•Disturbing/ illegal images on the internet
technological change and the amount of technological
may affect
awareness that a market ICT security measures etc.
possesses
•Move from paper based books to e-book
readers
•Computer hardware being out of date
•Computer software being out of date
Legal •new legislation may create risks of non-
compliance with the law, create new
Technological
administrative burdens etc
- may influence
•Changes totochild
decisions enter orprotection legislation
not enter certain
industries, to launch or not launch certain products or to
outsource•Raise theactivities
production age ofabroad.
school leaving age
•Raise/ lower the age of starting school.
- By knowing what is going on technology-wise, you may
Nursery/ kindergarten
be able to prevent your company from spending a lot of
money on •Change
developingto school opening
a technology hours
that would become
Changes
obsolete•very soon dueto fundingtechnological
to disruptive of charitychanges
based
elsewhere
organizations
•Health & safety legislation
Environmental •A new highway layout near the school may
create new dangers for pupils etc Legal
• include more•Waste
specific disposal
laws such as discrimination laws,
•Reduction
antitrust laws, employmentof green
laws, spaceprotection
consumer available for
laws, copyright and patent laws, and health and safety
laws
activities
•Changes to local bus routes
• you want to •beUsing
awareaofsignificant
any potentialamount of paper and
changes in
photocopier
legislation and the impact it toner to on
may have produce printed
your business
in the future.information.
Situational Analysis
Summarizing the Results of SDO’s Internal and External Assessment
 Widened/uneven use of Special Education Fund

 Socio- Economic status of families

 Adverse effects of successive typhoons
 Lack of opportunity for the livelihood of
families The recurring issues and
 Restrictions of the government during the situations on the various
pandemic factors emanating from
 Increasing number of teenage pregnancy the political, economic,
 Dole-out culture social, technological,
environmental, and legal
 Limited free internet
 Inadequate ICT tools and equipment
aspects greatly affect the
 Insufficient gadgets universality of education
 Unstable supply of electricity and the attainment of key
 Disaster/ calamities prone province. performance indicators in
 Limited means of transportation in some this province.
areas
 Insufficient supply of water
 Private individuals claiming ownership of
school sites without title

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
S
ORGANIZATION
Attributes of the INTERNAL W
Method for
STRENGTHS WEAKNESS identifying and
analyzing internal
strengths and
weaknesses and
external
SWOT ANALYSIS opportunities and
threats that shape
current and future
ENVIRONMENT
Attributes of the

operations and help

develop strategic
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS goals.

O T
EXTERNAL
 SWOT ANALYSIS MATRIX

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

•What do we
• Are there
• What could be • Are there
do well? improved? market gaps?
changes/new
trends affecting
•What’s • What resources • What are our organization?
could improve available • What are external
unique
Our school has enough
our platforms out influences
Private thatare
investors
human
about our
resources/subject Weperformance?
have decreasing
A new subdivision is
there?
being established
limit our
putting up one-stop
performance?
community hub
experts with high score
school?
in the NAT
enrolment intake nearby including private
schools
 Situational Analysis
Summarizing the Results of SDO’s Internal and External Assessment

S W
 Widened/uneven use of Special Education Fund


Socio- Economic status of families
Adverse effects of successive typhoons
The recurring issues and
situations on the various
factors emanating from
 Lack of opportunity for the livelihood of families the political, economic,
 Restrictions of the government during the pandemic social, technological,
environmental, and legal
 Increasing number of teenage pregnancy aspects greatly affect the
 Dole-out culture
SWOT universality of education
ANALYS  Limited free internet and the attainment of key
IS  Inadequate ICT tools and equipment performance indicators in
 Insufficient gadgets this province.
 Unstable supply of electricity
 Disaster/ calamities prone province.
 Limited means of transportation in some areas
 Insufficient supply of water

O T
 Private individuals claiming ownership of school sites without title

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Activity

1.Conduct a Situational Analysis of your school for

each of the pillars using SWOT.
Strategic fit

• the degree to which the internal strengths

match with external opportunities
Strategy building using SWOT 2 x 2 MATRIX

• WT (mini-mini) – faced with external threats and internal

weaknesses, how to minimize both weaknesses and threats
• WO strategy (mini-maxi) – faced with external opportunities and
internal weaknesses, how to minimize weaknesses and maximize
opportunities
• ST strategy (maxi-mini) – faced with external threats and internal
strengths, how to minimize weaknesses and maximize strengths
• SO strategy (maxi-maxi) – faced with external opportunities and
internal strengths, how to maximize both opportunities and
strengths
Matching and Converting
• Matching is to find competitive advantage by matching
the strengths to opportunities
• Converting weaknesses or threats into strengths
or opportunities.

An example of a conversion strategy is to find new

markets. If weaknesses and threats cannot be converted,
try to minimize or avoid them
Building Strategy
FUTURE
Strategy

NOW
CLOSING THE GAP

NOW Strategy FUTURE

Closing the GAP is the purpose of STRATEGY.

Activity: Strategy building
• Using the SWOT 2 x 2 matrix output, build strategies that may be employed
or adopted to address the challenges within and/or across pillars.

• Example: improved enrolment in Kindergarten by strengthened partnerships

with supportive stakeholders through collaborative child mapping

• Increased number of grade-ready learners in Key stage one by engaging HEIs

with expertise in reading programs
References

• https://www.cipd.co.uk › strategy › pestle-analysis-

factsheet
• www.iso.9001help.co.uk