TURN UP THE HEAT!!!

Microwave and Infrared Group 2 Presentation

Expectations

 Determine the definition of microwave and infrared;

 Acquire a knowledge of their discovery;
 Find out their applications and
 Learn their source or where they come from.
What is Microwave?

 Microwaves are defined as electromagnetic radiations with a frequency ranging

between 300 MHz () to 300 GHz (. In contrast, the wavelength ranges from 1 mm
(m) to around 30 cm (). Microwave radiation is commonly referred to as
microwaves. They fall between infrared radiation and radio waves in the
electromagnetic spectrum.
 Microwaves have a range of applications, including communications, radar and,
perhaps best known by most people, cooking.
 It has an energy of up to
What is Infrared?

 Infrared radiation, sometimes known as infrared light, is an electromagnetic

radiation with a frequency ranging between 300 GHz () to 400 THz () . Infrared
light extends from the suggested red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nm ( to
1 mm (). Most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near room temperature
is infrared. Therefore, it is detected by heat.
 Infrared is used in a variety of applications. Among the most well-known are heat
sensors, thermal imaging and night vision equipment.
 It has an energy of up to .
Discovery of Microwave

 Microwaves were first predicted by James Clerk Maxwell in 1864 by the use of
his equations. Later during 1888, Heinrich Hertz proved the existence of
microwaves by building a device that produced and detected microwave radiation.
 In 1894, Indian physicist Jagadish Chandra Bose performed the first
experiments with microwaves. He was the first person to produce millimeter
waves, generating frequencies up to 60 GHz (5 millimeter) using a 3 mm metal
ball spark oscillator.
Discovery of Infrared

 Around 1800, the German-born British Astronomer Frederick William Herschel

discovered the existence of infrared light by passing sunlight through a glass
prism in an experiment similar to the one we describe here. As sunlight passed
through the prism, it was dispersed into a rainbow of colors called a spectrum.
 Herschel thought that the colors themselves might be of varying temperatures, so
he devised a clever experiment to investigate his hypothesis. He directed sunlight
through a glass prism to create a spectrum (the rainbow created when light is
divided into its colors) and then measured the temperature of each color.
Applications of Microwave

Currently, the microwave

Microwave ovens are a
frequency spectrum is used
Because of their high Microwave signals are common appliance in most
primarily for telephone
operating frequencies, more easily propagated kitchens today. Microwave
communications and radar.
microwave system can around physical obstacles heating is also widely used
Many long- distance
carry large quantities of such as water and high in industry for a variety of
telephone systems use
information. mountains. heating and melting
microwave relay links for
applications.
carrying telephone calls.
Applications of Infrared
Infrared waves have longer
wavelengths than visible
light and can pass through
dense regions of gas and
dust in space with less
scattering and absorption.
Thus, infrared energy can
also reveal objects in the
universe that cannot be seen
in visible light using optical
telescopes.
We use this radiation for
Infrared radiation consists of
treating dandruff, skin
heat-inducing property. The infrared filters can
injuries, blackhead, and
These rays have applications capture pictures. The
smoothing wrinkles. They
in the area of heat imaging is performed for
also improve oxygen supply,
production. We can use it for objects in the near-infrared
blood circulation, and the
therapeutic purposes in spectrum.
supply of nutrients to the
physical therapy.
skin.
Sources of Microwave
Microwave
 As with other radio waves further
down the spectrum, natural sources
of microwave radiation are the sun
and other sources in outer-space
like the cosmic microwave
background.
 High-power microwave sources use
specialized vacuum tubes to
generate microwaves using the
ballistic motion of electrons in a
vacuum under the influence of
controlling electric or magnetic
fields, and include the magnetron,
klystron, traveling-wave tube and
gyrotron.
Sources of Infrared
Infrared
 Infrared radiation is invisible to
human eyes but that we can feel as
heat. All objects in the universe
emit some level of infrared
radiation, but two of the most
obvious sources are the sun and fire.
 Since the primary source of infrared
radiation is heat or thermal
radiation, any object which has a
temperature radiates in the infrared.
Even objects that we think of as
being very cold, such as an ice
cube, emit infrared.
Regions of Microwave and Infrared (Conclusion)

Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz) Energy (J)

Microwave to to to

Infrared to to to
THANK YOU
FOR
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