San Juan National High School

Immayos Sur, San Juan, Ilocos Sur

Management
and
Organization

Planning at different Levels

in the Firm

Bernard B.Viloria
Grade 11 ABM Pacioli
 Different levels in the firm are all
engaged in planning; however all Dife
resting plans must be related to one
another and directed toward the same
goals. Planning at the different levels
of management include strategic
planning, tactical planning, and
operational planning.
DEFINITION OF
TERMS

STRATEGIC PLANNING-is top-level planning which involves making

decisions about the organization’s long term goals.
TACTICAL PLANING-is middle-level management planning which refers
to procedures and transformation of strategic goals/plans with specific goal
OPERATIONAL PLANNING-is lower-level management planning which
involves routine tasks repeatedly done by the firm’s lower level unit.
TOP-LEVEL MANAGEMENT
PLANNING(STRATEGIC PLANING)

As earlier mentioned, top-level managers are responsible for the

organization's strategic planning which involves making decisions
about the organization's long-term goals and strategies. CEOs,
company presidents, or the organization's senior executives develop
and execute the said strategic plan. They, however, do not
formulate or execute the plan on their own; a management team
supports and helps top-level managers in carrying out these tasks.
MIDDLE-LEVEL MANAGEMENT
PLANNING(TACTICAL PLANNING)

Tactical planning refers to a set of

procedures for changing or transforming
broad strategic goals and plans into specific
goals and plans that are applicable and
needed in one unit/portion of the
organization. It is focused on major actions
that must be done by a unit in order to
contribute its share for the achievement of
the strategic plan.
FRONTLINE/LOWER-LEVEL MANAGEMENT
PLANNING(OPERATIONAL PLANNING)

Operational planning involves identifying

the specific procedures and processes
required at the lower levels of the
organization. This also involves routine
tasks or tasks repeatedly done by the
organization's lower level units.
INTEGRATING STRATEGIC, TACTICAL, AND
OPERATIONAL PLANNING

The present organizational planning is not as rigid as the

hierarchical planning earlier discussed in this chapter. Managers in
different hierarchical levels of the organization may contribute
their ideas or suggestions in developing the strategic plan, a task
originally assigned to the senior executives. Also, frontline
managers may make decisions that could influence strategy
formulation in the higher levels. All plans, however, must be
directed toward the achievement of the organization's strategic
goals.
Finally, CEOs or company presidents must see to it that all
communication lines in their organization are open, that there is
excellent dissemination of information to all levels, and they are
aware of everything that is happening in their firm.
 •Planning is vital to the continued
succes of organization

Planning
•Business planning is performed at
various levels in an organization, often
in hierarchical fashion
PLANNING AT
DIFFERENT
LEVELS
•Corporate level •Corporate Level
•Most corporation of even
•Business Level
moderate size have a corporate
headquarter’s. The heads of these
•Functional Level
groups are typically part of the
group of Senior Executives at the
corporate headquarters.
•Corporate level •Business Level
•At this level managers focus on
•Business Level
determining how they are going to
compete effectively in market
•Functional Level
•Corporate level •Functional
Level
•At this level managers focus on how
•Business Level they can facilitate the achievement of
the competitive plan of the business.
These managers are often the heads of
•Functional Level
departments such as finance, marketing,
human resources or product
development.
 LEVELS OF STRATEGY

1:CORPORATE LEVEL OF 2:BUSINESS/COMPETITIVE 3:OPERATIONAL LEVEL

STRATEGY LEVEL STRATEGY STRATEGY
• Relates to the overall • Refers how the • It is concerned with
scope of the organization how the various
organization, its competes in a given subunits-marketing,
structures and market, its finance,
financing, and the approaches to manufacturing and
distribution of product development so on - contribute to
resources between and to customers. the higher level
its different strategies.
constituent parts.
 Corporate-Level
Strategy
Choose market wisely

Business-Level Strategy
Compete Fiercely

Functional Strategy
Specialize Effectively
Mastering Your Enterprise
Strategy The Three
Hierarchical Levels of Strategy

Corporate
Strategy

Business you
should be in

Business
Tactics Strategy
to beat the
competition

Functional
Strategy
Operational methods
to implement the
tactics