THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

STEFFANY ANNE C. POBLADOR

WHAT IS A MUSCLE?

Is a tissue that allows us for active movement of our

body or materials within our body. There are three types
of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and
smooth muscle. Most of our body’s skeletal muscle
produces movement by acting on a skeleton.
SKELETAL MUSCLES
Skeletal or voluntary muscle works as we instruct them. They are under our control. They
make our body move. We use them for everyday and sporting activities such as walking,
running, and jumping.

SMOOTH MUSCLES
Smooth or voluntary muscles work automatically. They are not under our conscious
control. They work our internal organs such as the stomach, gut and bladder.

CARDIAC MUSCLES
Cardiac or heart muscle is a very special type of involuntary muscle. It is found only in the
heart. It contracts regularly, continuously and without tiring. It works automatically but is
under constant nervous and chemical control.
WHAT ARE THE MAIN PARTS OF OUR MUSCLE?
Deltoid:
1. Move the arm in all directions at the shoulder.
2. Example: bowling in cricket.

Triceps:
3. Extends the forearm at the elbow
4. Extends the arm at the shoulder
5. Example: a smash in badminton
Hamstrings:
1. Extend the hip joint
2. Flex the knee joint
3. Example: drawing the leg back before kicking a ball.

Trapezius:
4. Helps to control the shoulder girdle
5. Example: a player holding his head up on a rugby scrum
Latissimus dorsi:
1. Adducts and extends the arm at the shoulder
2. Example: swimming the butterfly stroke

Gluteal:
3. Abduct and extend the hip joint
4. Example: stepping up during rock climbing
Biceps:
1. Flex the forearm at the elbow
2. Example: drawing a bow in archery

Abdominals:
3. Rotate and raise the trunk
4. Strengthen the abdominal wall
5. Help with breathing
6. Example: performing upward circles on the bar in gymnastics
Pectorals:
1. Adduct the arm and shoulder
2. Used for deep breathing
3. Example: playing a forehand drive in tennis

Quadriceps:
4. Flex the hip joints
5. Extend the knee joint
6. Example: taking off in high jump
MAJOR MUSCLES GROUP OF THE HUMAN BODY
HOW DO OUR MUSCLE WORK?
our muscles can work in different ways. There are three main types of
muscular contraction:

1. In isometric or static contraction, the muscle develops tension with no

change in overall, as when holding a dumbbell stationary in biceps curl.
2. In concentric contraction, the muscle shortens as tension is developed,
as when a dumbbell is raised in a biceps curl.
3. In eccentric contraction, the muscle develops tensions while it
lengthens, as in the lowering movement in a biceps curl