Writing & Balancing

Equations: Complete Exam Qs on

this topic

I can balance chemical

equations

I can write word equations

for chemical reactions

I can calculate masses of

ey
reactants and products
ur n
g jo
rn in
ea
u rl
I can state what
conservation of mass is Yo
 All the equations you need to learn for the exam

1. Metal + Water Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

i.e Sodium + Water Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrogen

2. More Reactive Halogen + Metal Halide New Metal Halide + Less Reactive Halogen
i.e Chlorine + Potassium Bromide Potassium Chloride + Bromine
 Group 1 Reactions

Use the previous slide to help you!!

1 Sodium + Water � Delete & Answer

here
� Delete & Answer
2 Potassium + Water � here
� Delete & Answer
3 Rubidium here
+ Water �
� Delete & Answer
here
4 Lithium + Water �
 Group 1 Reactions - Convert to symbols
Water = H2O
Hydroxide is OH so Metal Hydroxide is MOH i.e KOH for Potassium
Hydroxide

1 Sodium + Water � Delete & Answer

here
�
Delete & Answer
2 Potassium + Water � here
�
Delete & Answer
3 Rubidium + Water � here
� Delete & Answer
4 Lithium here
+ Water �
�
 Group 7 Reactions

Use Slide 3 to help you!!

1 Fluorine + Potassium � Delete & Answer

Bromide � here

2 Chlorine + Potassium � Delete & Answer

Iodide � here

Delete & Answer

3 Bromide + Sodium � here
Iodide �
Delete & Answer
here
4 Fluorine + Potassium �
 Group 7 Reactions - Convert to symbols

Halogens when they are ALONE are diatomic i.e. Fluorine on its own is
F2

1 Fluorine + Potassium � Delete & Answer

Bromide � here

2 Chlorine + Potassium � Delete & Answer

Iodide � here

Delete & Answer

3 Bromide + Sodium � here
Iodide �
Delete & Answer
here
4 Fluorine + Potassium �
 Wednesday 5th September 2011

Is the above chemical equation balanced?

How do you know?
What do the numbers mean?

MgCO3
Answer here
 Identifying atoms
Complete the table below

No of No of
Compound Element Element
atoms atoms
Salt (NaCl) Sodium 1 Chlorine 1

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Water (H2O)
Methane (CH4)
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S)

Calcium carbonate
(CaCO3)
 Now try these…
How many atoms of each element are in the
following molecules?
1. H2SO4
2. Ca(OH)2
3. NaCl
4. (NH3)3P04
5. 3H2O
6. Al2(CO3)3
 Before and after chemical
reactions
• Do you think the number of atoms you
start with at the beginning of a
chemical reaction changes after the
reaction is complete?

Answer: There is no change. You always end up with the

same number of atoms you started with.
This is called the conservation of mass.
 Chemical formula
• This is a chemical formula
Is this reaction
balanced?
Na + Cl2 → NaCl
• The elements on the left of the
arrow are calledreactants
the ________.
• The elements on the right of the
arrow are called the _________.
products
 Let’s balance it!
Na + Cl2 → NaCl
• The above formula has not been written correctly – it is
not balanced.
• To balance it, we must write the correct number of
molecules into the formula.
• The number of molecules are indicated by large
numbers written before the element or compound.
• When balancing equations, we cannot write additional
small numbers after the elements or compounds (or in-
between compounds) as that can sometimes change what
the compound is!
 Start by counting atoms

• Write the formula and draw a dotted

line where the arrow is
• How many
• Then list
the
Na + Cl2 → NaCl atoms are
there of
elements
each
seen on the Na 1 Na 1 element on
reactant
each side?
side and
the product Cl 2 Cl 1 • Where is the
side. problem? Which
side do we need
to add more
molecules to?
 Let’s balance it!

Na + Cl2 → NaCl
• So to balance this formula we must:
– ADD IN NUMBERS BEFORE AN ELEMENT OR COMPOUND
• This will multiply the number of existing atoms by the
number you added – so the smallest number you can add is
the number 2.

Na + Cl2 →2 NaCl
Lets go back to our list...
 Counting atoms
• Now you’ve added your number, change the
number of atoms in your list.

• Now you’ve • Is it
added the 2Na + Cl2 →2 NaCl balanced?
• Where is
number,
change the the
list... Na 2
1 Na 2 problem?
• Is it • So what
balanced Cl 2 Cl 2 should we
now? do?
Have a go at some others
Remember the rules
and it will work like magic!

• A small number just talks about the element it is

behind. E.g. O2 = 2 x O
• numbers outside the bracket mean
Small
multiply everything inside the bracket by that
number E.g. (CO3)3 = 3 x C, 9 x O

• Big numbers mean multiply everything

behind by it. E.g. 2 H2O = 4 x H, 2 x O
Try to balance these equations using the
same method:

[1] Na + Cl2 → NaCl

[2] CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

[3] Li + HNO3 → LiNO3 + H2

[4] Al + O2 → Al2O3
 Here are the answers:

[1] 2 Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl

Remove for answers

[2] CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O

[3] 2 Li + 2 HNO3 → 2 LiNO3 + H2
[4] 4 Al + 3 O2 → 2 Al2O3
 Task: Balancing Equations Worksheet
Do these questions on paper. Take a picture and upload there here (Make sure you self assess them) Ans are
with me

Insert photo