MRSM

SCRATCH-
ing
Drone2022
Workshop
MRSM Kuantan
5 – 7 August 2022

Instructor:
Assoc Prof Ts. Dr. Yasir Mohd Mustafah
Introduction to Drone
Technology
Drone
Definition:
A drone is an is an aircraft that can navigate
without a human pilot on board. Drones are
more formally known as unmanned aerial
vehicle (UAV) or unmanned aircraft system
(UASs).
Why Fly Drones?

Aerial photography

Digital archeology

Environmental analysis

Agricultural analysis

Aerial mapping

Aerial surveys

Film/media

Law enforcement

Drone racing

Delivery*

Constructions*

Agriculture Robot*

Many many more!
Why we call it “Drone”?
The Queen Bee (DH.82B)


Gipsy Moth, one of the most common aircrafts in
UK in 1929

1935 - Put radio controls on a de Havilland Tiger
Moth, a successor to the Gipsy Moth

The Queen Bee (DH.82B) was one of the first
returnable and reusable UAV - used as practice
targets.
TDD-1 - Target Drone Denny 1

Reginald Denny career as actor and radio control model aircrafts

Contract signed with the Navy was for TDD-1

The first instance of “Drone” being associated with remotely piloted
vehicle
Some Other Names of Drone

Kettering Bug – 1918 Radioplane - 1939

(Pre-dates the name ‘Drone’)
Type of Drones
Rotary Wing

 Helicopter

 Tricopter

 Quadcopter

 Hexarotor / Hexacopter

 Octorotor / Octocopter
Fixed Wing
Hybrid Wing – VTOL Fixed Wing
Quadcopter
Anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy
Movement of Quadcopter
Drone Motion
• Roll- rotation along the y axis
• Pitch- rotation about the x axis
• Yaw- rotation about the z axis
• Longitudinal - Ux
• Lateral - Uy
• Vertical - Uz
Kinematic of Quadrotor
Hovering
• For hovering a balance of forces is needed.
• If we want the quad-copter to hover, SUM(F)
must be equal m.g.
• To move the quad-copter climb/decline the
speed of every motor is increased/decreased .
• SUM(F) > m.g <=> climb
• SUM(F) = m.g <=> hover
• SUM(F) < m.g <=> decline
Quadcopter Movement
• Yaw Rotation is used to turn the drone heading.
• Given that the front-left and rear-right motors
both rotate counter-clockwise and the other two
rotate clockwise, the net aerodynamic torque
will be zero.
• If the net aero dynamic is not zero, there will
be yaw rotation.
Tilting
• The force on drone is divided in two different
parts.
• FL1 and FL2 are the part of the force used to
lift the quad-copter.
• FT1and FT2 represents the part used for the
translation.
• Lift part becomes smaller with increasing phi
and the drone will be in translational motion.
 Introduction to
TELLO EDU Drone
Anatomy
Anatomy
Specification
Approximately 80 g (Propellers and Battery
Weight
Included)

Dimensions 98 x 92.5 x 41 mm

Propeller 3 inches

Range Finder, Barometer, LED, Vision System,

Built-in Functions
2.4 GHz 802.11n Wi-Fi, 720p Live View

Port Micro USB Charging Port

Flight Performance
Max Flight
100 m
Distance

Max Speed 8 m/s

Max Flight Time 13 min

Max Flight Height 10 m

Battery
Detachable Battery 1.1Ah / 3.8V
Camera
Photo 5 MP (2592 x 1936)
FOV 82.6°
Video HD720P30
Format JPG(Photo); MP4(Video)
EIS Yes
About
• DJI Flight Technology Included –The DJI tech included in the Tello is responsible
for its stability in flight. The vision positioning system is a great feature that accurately
holds the Tello’s position during flight to a level that’s unlike any other drone of this
kind.
• Intel Processor – Another great part of the Tello is the inclusion of a 14-core Intel
processor. This enhances the image quality on the Tello, resulting in higher quality
images and video.
• 13-Minute Flight Time – The Tello has an advertised flight time of 13 minutes.
• Safety Mechanisms – The Tello features auto-landing when the battery is low or if
signal is lost in order to protect the drone. Warnings are also given in the event of a
low battery, signal loss, etc.
• Brushed motors –Tello features brushed motors. The motors are highly functional,
especially considering the Tello’s ability to perform tight and accurate flips.
• Auto Takeoff and Landing – The Tello also has auto takeoff and landing
functionality with a tap of a button. This includes palm takeoff and landing to launch
the Tello for any location.
Tello EDU
• Mission Pad
• SDK 2.0
• Can connect to SSID (Swarming)
SCRATCH-ing TELLO
EDU
Installations
• Install the Scratch 2.0 Offline Editor
• Install Adobe AIR using AdobeAIR.exe
• Install Scratch 2.0 Offline Editor using Scratch2-461.exe

• Install Node.js v12

• Install Node.js using node-v12.14.0-x64.msi
Setting up Scratch 2
• Firstly, run the TelloEdu node js using “runTelloEduNode.bat”.
• Then, run Scratch 2.0 app.
• In the Scratch app, hold the “Shift” key and click the “File” menu.
• Then, click "Import Experimental HTTP Extension," and select "TelloEdu.s2e".
• The TelloEdu interface will appear under "More Blocks” tab.
Scratch-ing the TelloEdu
• Connect to the TelloEdu WIFI.

• Repeat the steps (Setting up Scratch 2) in the previous slide.

• Create your first scratch program:

• Launch the Tello Edu Drone!