Plate Tectonics

Volcanoes and volcanic eruptions

HBL
Week 6 Lesson 3
 Lesson objectives

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

• Identify three types of volcanoes

• Describe the effects of volcanic eruptions

 RECAPTURE

Q1. What is ‘Ring of Fire’? Where is another belt

shared similar activity?
The belt around the edge of the Pacific Ocean
where most volcanoes occur.
Another belt runs through the islands of the
Indian Ocean
 Starter

Sakurajima is one of the most active volcanoes in the world

What is a volcano?
https://youtu.be/VNGUdObDoLk
Volcano
▸ A vent or fissure in earth's crust through which
lava, ashes, rock and gases erupt in forms such
as lava, volcanic bombs, ash and dust.

▸ Also refers to a cone-shaped hill or mountain

formed by lava and ash.
 Check point 1

Q1. Sort the statements below into the correct order to

show how volcanoes can happen at plate boundaries.

A. Molten rock rises

B. Friction melts the rock
C. Plates rub together
D. Volcanoes erupt on the surface
E. Plates move towards each other

E>C>B>A>D
How to classify
volcanoes?
 Types of volcanoes

Dormant

Eruption
Active
possibility

Types of Extinct
volcanoes
Ash
Formation Steep
Lava
Gentle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKx-BRoKs5g
 Types of volcanoes

By possibility of Eruption
▸ Active – erupted ▸ Dormant – erupted ▸ Extinct – unlikely to
recently and likely to in the past 2000 erupt again
erupt again years but not
recently (aka
sleeping)

By different formations
Ash volcanoes Lava volcanoes
• Steep gradient • Steep gradient, highly viscous lava which is
slow flowing and hardens quickly
• Large crater
• Gentle gradient, less viscous and faster
flowing lava spreads over a large area
“
 What is a Volcanic Eruption?

▸ An extremely hazardous natural disaster

▸ Emits ash clouds, lava and even volcanic bombs
▸ Population movement of up to 40km away from
the actual site often necessary
▸ Daily essentials, medical supplies and food items
on standby