Temporary Joining Processes

Name:- Pravat Kumar Rout

Roll No:- 26900721042
Department:- Mechanical Engineering
7th Semester
Modern Institute of Engineering & Technology
Introduction
• There are two basic types of joints – temporary joints and
permanent joints.
• Permanent joint is a type of joint that cannot be undone once
made – and this is a major drawback, despite the strength and
reliability
• Hence for easy maintenance and repairing temporary joints
are preferred over permanent joints.
 Temporary Joints
• The temporary joint can be also as strong – but it is a type
which can be modified according to the alteration required.
• The parts can be dismantled and assembled with ease
thereby making it easy to transport.
• In addition, temporary joints are, in general, fairly easy to
facilitate and do not involve extreme technical know-how.
• The strength of the joint could be varied by locating the joint
in the optimum place and by choosing the optimum method
to join the same.
 Types of Temporary joints
• Fasteners are the fast and foremost example for
temporary joints.
• It includes, but not limited to, threaded elements like nut,
bolt, screw, etc., clips, buttons, clamps, cables, nails,
hooks, rings, bands, staples, etc.
• Apart from fasteners, joining by press fit, cotter joint,
knuckle joint, etc. are also temporary joining elements.
 Bolted Joint
 Bolted joints are the primary example of temporary joints.

 As the name suggests, bolts and nuts are used here to facilitate joining of two
parts. The first component of the bolted joint is, of course the screw. It can be
a cap screw with a hexagonal head (considered to withstand the most severe
loads) or rounded/socket head type screw of various standard and size.

 In this joint, the bolt is inserted into a pre drilled hole (not threaded!) that is
beiger that the bolt’s threaded cylinder outer diameter. From the other side,
the nut (with a matching internal thread) is run to tighten the joint.
 Bolted Joint

 The pressure applied by the nut creates a very high friction between the 2
joint parts, practically locking relative movement. The nut can be removed
when required to dismantle the assembly so that the joints can be undone.

 Spanners of various standard sizes are available to tighten or loosen the bolt
by application of torsional force. One has to remember allowing access and
also clearance for using this tool when designing a bolted joint subject to
severe space-limitations. Many times a definition of torque is required to
avoid damaging delicate equipment yet ensuring enough pressure applied.
 Screw Joint
 Screwed joint is sometimes considered a separate type – but it
is actually a variation of bolted joint.

 The difference is that a screw is used rather than bolt – thus

requiring an internal thread in one of the to-be-joined parts.
This can save space, however, continuous reuse of the thread
would probably damage the coils, making the whole part
unsuitable.

 Thus inserts and heli-coils should be applied, especially for

softer types of metals (such as aluminum) and smaller threads,
making it possible to replace the damaged insert/helicoil
instead of throwing away the whole part.
 Cotter Joint
 Sometimes referred to as a socket and spigot joint, a cotter joint is a device
that connects two coaxial rods temporarily. The spigot on one end of the
rod is fitted into the socket of the other end of the rod. This joint secures the
two rods together as the socket and the spigot are aligned and are used to
support axial loads, either compressive or tensile, between the two rods.
 These joints were commonly used in connecting rods of ship engines and
mining pumps. Also, the farmers in the European region used a pin to hook
their carts to wagons during the 1800s, as found in the records of the early
traces of this joint. Let us look at an example of this joint used in bicycles
as shown below.
Knuckle Joint
 A knuckle joint is used to join two rods that are subjected to the action of
tensile loads. However, the rods can support compressive loads if the joint
is directed. A knuckle joint can be easily disconnected for adjustment or
repair. The knuckle joint is used to transmit axial tensile force.

 Typically, these types of joints are used in bicycle chain links, tie rod joints
for roof trusses, valve rod joints with centric rods, pump rod joints, tension
links in bridges, and also found in a variety of lever and rod connections.
Knuckle Joint
 The shaft is formed into an eye at one end and a fork at the other, with an
eye in each fork. The knuckle pin slightly passes through both the eye and
fork hole and it is achieved with a collar and taper pin.

 The knuckle pin can be stopped from rotating into the fork by using a tiny
stop, pin, peg, or snug. The fork and eye edges are machined, the openings
are precisely drilled, and the pins are turned to produce a joint of higher
quality. Steel or iron can be used to create the joint.
References:-
•Introduction to Machine Design by V. B. Bhandari (McGraw Hill Education India
Private Limited).

•A Textbook of Machine Design by R. S. Khurmi and J. K. Gupta (S. Chand).

•Theory of Machines by R. S. Khurmi and J. K. Gupta (S. Chand).

Thanks