Writing and Balancing

Chemical Equations
 Learning Competency
•Write and balanced
chemical equations.
STEM_GC11CRIf-g-37
 COUNT THE
NUMBER OF ATOMS
In a molecule
 Directions:
Analyze the given molecules.
Identify the number of
atoms of each element
present in a molecule.
 Counting Atoms

1) 2CrCl3 2) Ba(OH)2 3) 3Ca(ClO3)2

Ba – 1 Ca – (3x1) = 3
Cr – (2x1) = 2
O – (2x1) = 2 Cl – (2 x 3) = 6
Cl – (2 x 3) = 6
H – (2 x 1) = 2 O – (3 x 3 x 2) = 18
Writing and Balancing
Chemical Equations
If Hydrogen gas (H2) reacts
with Oxygen gas (O2), then
what substance will
produce?
Water (H2O)
 H2 + O2 H2O
Reactants Product
the substances you the new
start with before substance(s) formed
the reaction. by the reaction.
2 H2 + O2 2H2O
4 2 H 2 4
2 O 1 2
 Law of Conservation of Mass
• states that mass is neither created nor
destroyed in any chemical reaction. Therefore
balancing of equations requires the same
number of atoms on both sides of a chemical
reaction.
• The number of atoms in the Reactants must
equal the number of atoms in the Products
SUBSCRIPT AND
COEFFICIENT
 SUBSCRIPT
•shows how many atoms of an
element are in a molecule.
EX: H2O
2 atoms of hydrogen (H)
1 atom of oxygen (O)
 coefficient
•shows how many molecules are
there in a particular chemical.
EX: 3 H2O
Means there are 3 water
molecules.
 REMINDER:
•There are some atoms
appear in pairs. They are
called as DIATOMIC
ELEMENTS.
 REMINDER:
•The 7 diatomic elements are
hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N),
oxygen (O), fluorine (F),
chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and
iodine (I).
 REMINDER:
•The 7 diatomic elements are hydrogen
(H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), fluorine
(F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and
iodine (I).
•The chemical formulas for these
elements are H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and
I2.
REMINDER:
STEPS IN BALANCING
CHEMICAL EQUATION
 H2 + Cl2 → HCl

Balance the given equation.

 STEP 1
•Count the atoms on each side
of the equation. (Note that if
there is no coefficient written
in front of the formula, it is
assumed as 1)
 STEP 1
1H2 + 1Cl2 → 1HCl
2 H 1
2 Cl 1
 STEP 2
•If the chemical equation is
unbalanced, change the coefficient.
Think of number/coefficient that will
balance the numbers of atoms on
both sides. Do not change the
subscripts written after the element.
 STEP 2
1H2 + 1Cl2 → 21HCl
2 H 21
2 Cl 21
Try to balance these equations using the
same method:

[1] Na + Cl2  NaCl

[2] CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O
[3] Li + HNO3  LiNO3 + H2
[4] Al + O2  Al2O3
[1] 2 Na + Cl2  2 NaCl
[2] CH4 + 2 O2  CO2 + 2 H2O
[3] 2 Li + 2 HNO3  2 LiNO3 + H2
[4] 4 Al + 3 O2  2 Al2O3