Activity

Picture Analysis
Instruction: Look at the pictures below. Describe each
(in a paragraph form) of the pictures.
5 MENTAL HEALTH
CHALLENGES OR
ISSUES
MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
Anxiety (Panic Disorder)
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bi-Polar Disorder
Depression
Anorexia
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Schizophrenia
 Mental health. It’s the way your thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors affect your life. Good
mental health leads to positive self-image and in-
turn, satisfying relationships with friends and
others. Having good mental health helps you
make good decisions and deal with life’s
challenges at home, work, or school. It is not
uncommon for teenagers to develop problems
with their mental health. Problems can range
from mild to severe, and can include depression,
anxiety, body esteem issues, and suicide, among
others.
MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
ADHD is pretty common and can make it hard to focus
and sit still. ADHD makes it hard to finish things, and makes
thoughts jump around. Kids who have ADHD can learn to
control their thoughts and bodies by figuring out what helps
them focus, or by talking to a doctor or mental health
professional. Some kids with ADHD do better in school if
they can do their work in a quiet room. Sometimes medicine
can help too. Even though having ADHD can make some
things harder, people who have ADHD are just as smart as
other people. They can still do well in school and in life.
Anxiety (Panic Disorder)

Have you ever been really nervous? Maybe from a test, a

speech, or a big game? When you’re nervous, your heart starts
pounding, you breathe fast, or your stomach might feel funny.
Feeling anxious and nervous is common. But a person diagnosed
with an Anxiety Disorder will have these feelings suddenly and
often. These strong, sudden feelings of stress or fear are called
“panic attacks.” A panic attack can make your chest or stomach hurt,
your heart speed up, make you feel afraid, dizzy, or feel like you
can’t breathe. Even kids can have panic attacks. People who have
panic attacks sometimes feel scared to go places because they are
afraid of having an attack. Their daily life can be scary, but they can
get help, get better and be okay.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder changes the way the brain
understands the world. People diagnosed with autism can
have a hard time talking about their feelings, understanding
people’s actions, and being social. They can also be very
sensitive about being touched. To a person diagnosed with
autism, being hugged can be scary and uncomfortable. Kids
who have autism are just as smart as other kids. They can be
very good at things like math or music. Just because some
things are hard for kids with autism, they are not acting
mean or weird. Their brains just work in a different way.
They still make friends and learn how to work and play with
others.
Bi-Polar Disorder

Everybody has feelings that change. When something good

happens, you feel happy. If something bad happens, you feel sad. Bi-
polar disorder changes the way people feel emotions. If people have bi-
polar disorder, their emotions can go from happy to sad very quickly.
They can be very cheerful one moment, and very angry, sad and tired
the next moment. When people with bi-polar disorder experience
intense feelings of happiness it is called “mania.” They can’t think
clearly or sleep well, and they might do things without thinking about
them first. When people with bi-polar disorder feel intense sadness
and tiredness, it is called “depression.” Having bi-polar disorder can be
very tiring and stressful. Medication can help. Talking to a mental
health professional, friends and family can also help someone with bi-
polar disorder learn how to manage feelings and live a healthy life.
Depression

Depression is a mental health challenge that makes people feel

very sad all the time. It can change how you think, feel, and act. It
can even make your body feel sick too. A person diagnosed with
depression can feel so sad that it makes it hard to think clearly.
Someone diagnosed with depression might feel very sad every day,
or feel that nobody loves them. They might not want to do things they
used to think were fun. People diagnosed with depression may not
know why they feel so sad. Even if you have a good life, you can
struggle with depression. It is good to have family and close friends
to talk to and help when things are bad, and talking to a mental health
professional about these strong feelings can help. Depression can be
very hard, but people with depression can get better too, and learn
how to enjoy life.
Eating Disorders
An eating disorder exists when a
person's thoughts and behaviors are focused
too much on food and body weight. The
person may worry about being "too fat." The
person may have a big fear of becoming
obese. Yet, the person's weight may be quite
healthy. Three of the most common types of
eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and
extreme overeating.
Anorexia refers to weight loss that occurs from not
eating.
Bulimia refers to eating large amounts of food over a
short
period of time followed by an attempt to get rid of the
food.
This getting rid of food is called "purging."
Extreme overeating is marked by eating, and eating,
and
eating and then having feelings of guilt and shame.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Sometimes if you see or live through something very

scary, you can keep feeling afraid even after the scary part is
over. It is normal to feel afraid sometimes, but people with Post-
Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) feel scared even if they are
safe and there is nothing to be afraid of. Kids with PTSD might
have very bad dreams that seem real, or think something bad is
going to happen again. Even when they are safe, the feelings of
fear are very real. Talking to a mental health professional or
friends and family can help. It takes time and hard work, but kids
who are diagnosed with PTSD can learn ways to handle their
fears and can live healthy, happy lives.
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia makes it hard for people to know

what is real and what is not real. Schizophrenia can make
the brain think it sees or hears things that aren’t really
there. A person diagnosed with schizophrenia can also start
to think that people are trying to control them or read their
minds. Even though the things they see, hear, believe or
feel might not be true, their brains think they are real
and true, and that can be very scary. Having schizophrenia
does not mean a person is violent or bad. Usually people
do not get this illness until their late teens or early
adulthood, and there are ways to make their lives better,
like therapy and medication.
 The cause of mental illness is often very complex.
The stress-vulnerability theory explains why someone
develops a mental illness:
Vulnerability: There is a genetic characteristic to
mental illness, but just because a family member has a
mental health problem, it doesn’t mean that you will too.
Sometimes mental illness happens right “out of the blue”.
Stress: Stress can trigger the development of a
mental illness, but stress alone doesn’t cause the mental
illness unless you have a vulnerability gene. Causes of
stress can be varied, sometimes a change in
environment, e.g., where you live or the school you attend,
or even psychological trauma, e.g., exposure to
teasing/bullying, other violence or abuse.
• Several important topics related to adolescence
1. The different changes you underwent as an adolescent
(physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, morally, and
psychologically)
2. The various challenges/problems that you face as an
adolescent
3. Stress and how this affects one's physical health, and the
importance of coping as a strategy in dealing with stress
4. Understanding the left and right brain and how this help
improve your learning
5. Learning to make a mind map that helps you in organizing
ideas, brainstorming, simplifying complex ideas, and serves
. . .. ... ... ....
• In this chapter, we will look at the concept of mental
health and well-being, and why this is important,
particularly to the adolescent, and to every person in

MENTAL HEALTH
& WELL-BEING
FOR ALL
• It's the way your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
affect your life.
• Good mental health leads to positive self-image and
in-turn, satisfying relationships with friends and
others.
• It also helps determine how we handle stress,
relate to others, and make choices.
• Having good mental health helps you make good
decisions and deal with life's challenges at home,
• Mental health is a state of well-being in which the
individual realises his or her own abilities, can
cope with the normal stresses of life, can work
productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a
contribution to his or her community.
• Mental health is our ability to respond
to challenges.

• What kind of challenges? It could be anything

from:
1. A sudden encounter with a snake
2. Reviewing for an upcoming exam
3. It could be something physical like an illness
4. Something social like bullying or being
6. Or a to-do list the size of a mountain
7. It could be an argument with your family
8. Or a difficult essay
9. Or a death of a parent

• The fact is life rarely goes the way we plan. And

whenever we are hit by trials and challenges,
mental health is our ability to bounce back and stay
on course.
 HOH BO YOU EET 7RI4
€Bborn
Are you ILITY1
with it?
NO. Mental health can change and the things that tend to
shape it are called risk factors and protective factors.

1. Protective factors
• Sense of seIf•efficacy — one's perception of one's value and
worth, effectiveness, and ability in performing a task or activity
• Mental health and well-being is also anchored on one's self-
worth and value or self-esteem.
 8III-ISTIIPâ@DBâDYISTII€
• Does any of this sound familiar?
• "I'm too tall."
• "I'm too short."
• "I'm too skinny."
• ' I'm too fat.”
• "If only I were shorter/taker/ curly
hair/straight hair/a smaller
nose/longer legs, I'd be happy."
i need

a change in
perspective 6
a h9 ' he‹sefe
ísteer«
Are you putting yourself down? If so, you're not
alone.

As a teen, you're going through lots of changes in

your body.

And, as your body changes, so does your image of

yourself.

It's not always easy to like every part of your looks,

but when you get stuck on the negatives it can really
bring down your self-esteem.
How others see you,
lS H O t lITl Of t ã f l t ,

H o wy o us e ey o u r s e l f
means everything!
 WRY ABE #ELF-ESTEEM 4RB
BOBY
IMP0R
• Self-esteem is all about how T4R
much you feelT1
you are worth
and how much you feel other people value you.
• Self-esteem is important because feeling good about yourself
can affect your mental health and how you behave.
• People with high self-esteem know themselves welt. They're
realistic and find friends that like and appreciate them for who they
are. People with high self-esteem usually feel more in control of
their lives and know their own strengths and weaknesses.
• Body image is how you view YOurphY•”caI self
including whether you feel you are attractive and
whether others like /OUr /Ooks. For many people,
especially people in their early teens, bod image
can b Io9ely li duo self-este
B0%

42 O/o
 ESTEEM1
1. PUBERTY AND DEVELOPMENT
Same people struggle w!th their self-
estl3em and body 1magI3 when thF}y begin
puberty because it's a time when the body
goes through many changes. These
changes, combined with wanting to lee
accepted by our friends, means it can bI3
tempting to compare ourselves with others.
The trouble with that is, not everyone •^sa'
grows or develops at the same time or
 2. media Images and
Outside influences
Our early teens are a time when we
beoome more aware of celebrities
and media images — as well as
how other kids look an how we fit
in.
We might start to compare
ourselves with other people or
media images ("ideals" that are
frequently covered up). All of this
can affect how we feel about
ourselves and our bodies even a we
grow into our teens.
t0øe Weird Effects of
Social Media on
Our Brain
3. Families and School
Family life can sometimes influence our body image. Family
members might struggle with their own body image or criticize
their kids' looks ("why do you wear your hair so long?" or ”how
come you can't wear skirts that fit you?").
This can all influence a person's self-esteem, especially if
they're sensitive to others peoples' comments.

People also may experience negative comments and hurtful

teasing about the way they look from classmates and peers.
Although these Often come from ignorance, sometimes they
can affect body image and self-esteem.
 w¥¥+I uP to ++aLr Mr
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6DCIAL MEDIA
• Things That Tend to
Shape Mental Health
1. Protective factors
• A supportive family
• Or strong friendships
2. Risk factors
• Chronic illness
• Or low socio-economic
status
• The Wheel of Wellness
model includes what is
referred to as the five life
tasks devRloped in 1991 by
Witmer and Sweeney:
1. Essence or spirituality
2. Work and leisure
3. Friendship
4. Love
5. Self-direction
• Related to these five tasks
are twelve sub-tasks as
major components of
wellness or well-being that
comprise the Wheel of
Wellness. These are:
1. Sense of worth
2. Sense of control
3. Realistic beliefs
4. Emotional awareness and
coping
5. Problem solving and
creativity
6. Sense of humor
7. Nutrition
8. Physical exercise
9. Self-care
10. Stress management
11.Gender identity
12.CUltural identity (Note:
This may or may not apply
to every Filipino. but we do
have cultural and regional
differences that need to be
understood and accepted.)
• It is important that the five tasks are balanced in
terms of time spent on each one, and of course, on
the amount of energy one gives to fulfilling each
of the tasks.
• The 12 sub-tasks are more of what one needs to
own and practice to achieve mental health and
well-being.
• In addition to the components, maintaining good
mental health and well-being
requires resi/iency and ac/aptabi/ity,fwo
important skills that needs to be
develo ed in eve person particularly the
adolescent.
• Res//iency — the capacity
to establish and maintain
one's balance and well-
being in the face of
adversity.

• It is the ability to get back

on one's feet after a disaster
or a crisis.
 WEAT I# ABAFT€IIILITY1
• Adaptability — the capacity to adjust to
changes necessary for one's survival and
 HISIIH¥S8I C0@CIPISTIH[C0R8
F NEETA£ E£A£THAEB W£LL-BEIE6
• Having a positive regard for oneself means looking at
oneself as someone who is worth loving and worth
caring for, regardless of physical flaws and defects,
regardless of what other people perce‹ve him to be, and
in spite of the thoughts, feelings, and behavior one
experiences.
• It is about understanding and accepting one's
personality, uniqueness, and individuality.
• Having a positive warm regard for oneself is also
about seeing one s strengths, challenges and
successes, as well as the stumbling blocks that come
along the way in one's search for meaning and
happiness.

• Having a wonderful self-concept is about having a

spirituality that provides philosophical and existential
meaning to one's life, and about one's relationship with
his perceived Supreme Being.
• Having a healthy self-concept is also about
embracing meaningful universal human values that
define who you are, and how these values form
your set of healthy attitudes about other people,
situations, and things.

• The bedrock of a healthy self-concept,

however, is a hfgh sense of se/i'-wortf› or
se/l-esteem.
• The World Health Organization clearly noted that poor
mental health plays a signficant role in diminished
immune functioning and the development of certain
illnesses, and eventually premature death.
• One's phy'sicaI health is also an important facfor
to good mezita/ health.
• S/eep and nutrition, for example, should be given
importance and properly observed by an adolescent
whose tendency is to take these things for granted.

• An individual who is deprived of sleep, for example, will

be cranky, will have a short temper, will sometimes become
emotionally sensitive, and will also have a bad memory.
• Physically, the individual deprived of
sleep may develop skin rashes or
acne, have dark circles around the
eyes, and may even develop bad
postu because of feeling weak or
sluggish and having low energ
• People around this person will
take notice and might even ge
affected by certain behavior a
sIr•r›n rlenr ven nr•rsnn exh its
 HEAE7HT SEEF-COSCEPT +HEßLTET HISB
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BY= GOOB MEETAL EEALTE AEB WEL1-
BEIE6
• When all of these elements are in balance, then
general well-being is experienced.
• Well-being is a state of wellness where every’
aspect
of a person is in balance.
• Being well and feeling weil means that there is a general
• Developing one's good mental health and well-being is
very important to the adolescent because this serves as a
strong foundation toward a happy and healthy adulthood.
• A menfaf health ro6lem is a short term and
tempOrary Change in a person's thoughts, feelings, or
behavior that upsets one's well-being, interpersonal
relationships, and productivity
• A mental health concern becomes a menta/ //mess
when ongoing signs and symptoms cause frequent stress
and affect your ability to function.
• Many adolescents are more susceptible to mental health
concerns than adults. This is primarily due to their
underdeveloped brains and continuing changes in their
bodies.

• In addition to this, the adolescent is also going through

tough times in resolving their identity crisis and role
confusion.
• Roughly 20o/ of a country's total population falls
under the 10 to 19 ’ears of a e cate or
the ado/escence category.

• The WHO estimates that there are around one billion

adolescents around the world today. This is the reason
why the World Health Organization has mandated every
member-nation to provide special health services to the
adolescent segment of their population.
1. depression
2. Anxiety Disorders
3. Schizophrenia
4. Eating disorders
5. Addictive behaviors (drugs and a/coho/}
• Depression is a low mood that lasts for a long time, and
affects your everyday life.
• In its mildest form, depression can mean just being in low
spirits. It doesn't stop you leading your normal life but
makes everything harder to do and seem less worthwhile.
• At its most severe, depression can be life-threatening
because it can make you feel suicidal.
 WHER BOES LOW NOOD
BECOMESBEPRESSI0R1
• We all have times when our mood is low, and we're
feeling sad or miserable about life. Usually these
feelings pass in due cOurse.
• But if the feelings are interfering with your life and don't
go away after a couple of weeks, or if they come back over
and over again for a few days at a time, it could be a sign
that you're experiencing depression.
• Anxiety is what we feel when we are worriEid, tense or afraid —
particularly about things that are about to happen, or which we
think could happen in the future.
• Anxiety is a natural human response when we perceive that
we are under threat. It can be experienced through our
thoughts, feelings and physical sensations.

“Going out of the house is a challenge because I have a

fear of panicking and feel that I'm being watched or
joc/ged. /t's just horrjble. I want to get lie/p but I'm afraid
o/'being jocfged.”
• You could be diagnosed with schizophrenia if you experience some of
the following symptoms:
a lack of interest in things
feeling disconnected from your feelings
difficulty concentrating
wanting to avoid people
hallucinations, such as
hearing voices or seeing
things others
don't
delusions (which could include paranoid delusions) — strong
beliefs that others don't share
• If you have an eating problem you might:
• Fl2strict the amount Df food you eat
• eat more than you need or feel out of control when you eat
• eat a lot in secret
• feel very anxious about eating or digesting food
• eat lots of food in response to difficult emotions (when
you don't feel physically hungry)
• only eat certain types of food or stick to a rigid set of diet
rules and feel very anxious and upset if you have to eat
something different
• do things to get rid of what you eat (purging)
• stick to rigio rules around what you can and can't eat and
how food should look —and feel very upset if you break
those rules
• feel strongly repulsed at the idea of eating certain foods
• eat things that are not really food
• be scared of certain types of food or eating in public
• think about food and eating a lot or all the time
• compare your body to other people's ano think about their
shape or size a lot
• check, test and weigh your body a lot —and base your self-
worth on how much you weigh or whether you pass your
checks and tests.
• Recreational drugs are substances people may take:
<to give themselves a pleasurable experience
>to help them feel better if they are having a bad time
>because their friends are using them
>to see what it feels like.
>They include alcohol, tobacco (nicotine), substances such as
cannabis, heroin, cocaine and ecstasy, and some prescribed
medicines.
FlUE ¥fAïS T0
I•IVE WAYS T0 WELLBEING