NAME : AVILASH SARKAR

STREAM : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS
SUBJECT CODE : BSM - 301
ROLL NO.(UNIV.) : 13000723026
REGISTRATION NO : 231300121087(2023-2024)
TOPIC NAME : BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ITS APPLICATION
Introduction
What is Binomial Distribution?
• If ‘X’ is a discrete random variable with probability mass
function.

• Where x=0,1,2,3…….n & q=1-p, then ‘X’ is a binomial

variate and the distribution of ‘X’ is called binomial
distribution.
About Binomial Distribution
Historical Reference: Binomial distribution was discovered by
JAMES BERNOILLI in 1738.He explained in his theory that this
is a discrete probability distribution.
Definition: The word “binomial” literally means “two
numbers”. A binomial distribution for a random variable
X(known as binomial variate) is one in which there are only
two possible outcomes ,success or failure, for a finite number
of trials. The two events must be mutually exclusive and
complementary; that is they cannot occur at the same time
and sum of their probabilities is 100%.
Assumptions Of Binomial
Distribution
For each trial there are only two possible outcomes on each
trial, S(success) and F(failure).
The number of trials “n” is finite.
For each trial, the two outcomes are mutually exclusive.
P(S)= p is constant. P(F)=q=1-p.
The trials are independent , the outcome of a trial is not
affected by the outcome of any other trial.
The probability of success, p , is constant from trial to trial.
Solved Example
Find the probability of getting at least 5 times head-on tossing
an unbiased coin for 6 times by using the binomial
distribution.
Solution: p = P(getting an head in a single toss) = ½
q = P(not getting an head in a single toss) = ½
X = successfully getting a head
P(X ≥ 5) = P(getting at least 5 heads) = P(X = 5) + P(X = 6)
= 6C5 (½)5 (½)(6 – 5) + 6C6 (½)6 (½)6 – 6
= 6 × (½)6 + 1 × (½)6 = 7/24.
Hence, the probability of getting at least 5 heads is 7/24.
References
Internet sources
www.slideshare.net
www.byjus.com
Books Consulted
 A text book on mathematics: by S.N. DEY
Fundamentals of mathematics: by A.Sarkar