Digital Subscriber line:

ADSL and HDSL

232065 – Manthan Ghonge

232074 – Ritesh Hon
232075 – Suhani Shinde
What is DSL and How it Works?

1 What is DSL?

Digital Subscriber Line technology uses existing telephone lines to

transmit digital data. Digital subscriber line ( DSL; originally
digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used
to transmit digital data over telephone lines. In
telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely
understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL),
the most commonly installed DSL technology, for Internet access
.
What is DSL and How it Works?

1 How DSL Works ?

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL, originally, digital subscriber
loop) is a communication medium, which is used to transfer the
internet through copper wire telecommunication lines. Along
with cable internet, DSL is one of the most popular
ways ISPs provide broadband internet access.
•Its aim is to maintain the high speed of the data being
transferred.
•If we ask how we going to achieve such a thing i.e., both
telephone and internet facilities, then the answer is by
using splitters or DSL filters(shown in the below diagram).
Basically, the splitter is used to splits the frequency and make
sure that they can’t get interrupted.

.
What is DSL and How it Works?
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
What is ADSL?

ADSL is a type of DSL that allows for faster download speeds and slower upload
speeds. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, or ADSL, is a communication
technology that offers faster connection speeds over traditional telephone lines
than dial-up internet provides. It powers many internet connections worldwide
and enabled the broadband internet speeds that drove Web 2.0 and beyond.
Although it has been supplanted in many well-connected areas by fiber internet
connections, ADSL is still an important technology. Understanding what ADSL
is can be an important step in choosing the right connection for your home or
business.
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

Architecture of ADSL

•It provides a simple, affordable mechanism to get

more bandwidth to end users: both residential and
small- to medium-size business. This is increasingly
important for Internet access, remote access to
corporate servers, integrated voice/data access, and
transparent LAN interconnection.
•It enables carriers to offer value-added, high-speed
networking services, without massive capital outlays,
by “leveraging” the copper loop. Examples include
access to frame relay or ATM networks, virtual private
networks, video distribution, streaming, or video
retrieval services.
Working of ADSL

For asymmetric digital subscriber line connections to work correctly, several technologies must operate
in tandem. A user needs an ADSL modem, which is connected by a traditional twisted pair of copper
telephone wires and connects to a local telephone exchange. At that end, the copper wire and others
also from the local area are connected to a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM)
The user's ADSL modem transmits and receives data to and from the DSLAM. It uses frequencies that
differentiate the digital data from potential voice calls taking place on the same phone line. Those two
signals are split at the exchange and handed off to different networking technologies further up the
chain, connecting the user to the telephone or web server at the other end.).
HDSL: High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line

What is HDSL ?

HDSL is a modulation technology similar to

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) that uses
a group of existing copper twisted-pair subscriber
telephone lines to transmit data at T1 or E1 speeds.
High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) was the
earliest version of Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) to be
widely implemented; it is often used as a low-cost
alternative to dedicated T1 links for wide area networks
(WANs) and for building-to-building communication
in a campuswide network
Working of HDSL

HDSL was designed as an alternative to T-carrier services

such as T1 lines. HDSL essentially operates in the same
way as ADSL except that it is always symmetrical – that
is, its upstream and downstream speeds are the same.
This generally means that the maximum bandwidth for
HDSL transmissions is less than for ADSL. HDSL comes in
various formats, including the following:
•668-Kbps full-duplex transmission over a single
unconditioned, unshielded copper twisted-pair phone line.
•1.544-Mbps full-duplex transmission (T1 speed) over
unconditioned, unshielded twisted-pair cables. This is the
most common configuration and is called Dual-Duplex
HDSL. It uses twisted-pair phone lines with two pairs of
wires (four wires) within the line, with full-duplex 784-
Kbps transmission taking place over each pair of wires.
•2.048-Mbps full-duplex transmission (E1 speed) over
three unconditioned twisted-pair lines.
ADSL vs HDSL: Differences and Applications
ADSL HDSL
• Faster download speeds • Equal upload/download speeds

• Slower upload speeds • Ideal for enterprise applications

• Ideal for streaming and browsing • Better for large file transfers and video conferencing
Conclusion

The Benefits of DSL Choosing the Right DSL

DSL technology allows for high-speed internet connections using Choosing between ADSL and HDSL depends on the user's desired
existing telephone lines, making it more accessible for many users. upload/download speeds and intended applications.