Kruskal's Algorithm

Welcome to our presentation on Kruskal's Algorithm. Learn about minimum

spanning trees, the importance of finding them, and how Kruskal's algorithm
helps us solve this problem efficiently.
Minimum Spanning Trees
Definition

Minimum spanning trees are trees that connect all the vertices of a graph with the minimum total
edge weight.

Importance

They have various applications such as designing network communication systems, constructing
road networks, and organizing computer clusters.
Kruskal's Algorithm
1 Step 1: Sorting the Edges

Sort the edges of the graph in non-decreasing order based on their weights.

2 Step 2: Selecting the Edges

Select edges from the sorted list, starting with the smallest weight, and add them to the
minimum spanning tree if they don't create cycles.

3 Step 3: Detecting and Avoiding Cycles

Use a disjoint set data structure to detect cycles in the tree and avoid adding edges that create
cycles.
Illustrative Example

Initial Graph Sorted Edges Minimum Spanning Tree

A graph with 7 vertices and 9 List of edges sorted in non-

edges. decreasing order based on their Final minimum spanning tree
weights. obtained using Kruskal's
algorithm.
Time Complexity
Analyzing Kruskal's Algorithm

The time complexity of Kruskal's algorithm is O(E log V), where E is the number of edges and
V is the number of vertices.

Efficiency

Kruskal's algorithm has excellent performance for sparse graphs, making it suitable for large-
scale applications.
Practical Applications
Network Design
Kruskal's algorithm assists in
designing efficient network
infrastructures, ensuring optimal
connectivity at minimal cost.
Transportation
Planning
It aids in planning transportation
routes to maximize efficiency
and minimize travel distances.
Data Clustering
By finding the minimum
spanning tree, it helps organize
data clusters for streamlined
analysis and processing.
Conclusion
1 Key Takeaways

Understanding minimum spanning trees and Kruskal's algorithm unlocks the ability to
efficiently solve network and connectivity optimization problems.

2 Further Exploration

Dive deeper into graph theory and explore other algorithms like Prim's algorithm and
Boruvka's algorithm.