COORDINATION

COMPOUNDS
BY- RASHMI VINAY
INTRODUCTION
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A DOUBLE SALT AND
COORDINATION COMPOUND
WERNER’S THEORY
POSTULATES OF WERNER’S THEORY
FORMULATION OF COBALT (III) CHLORIDE-
AMMONIA COMPLEX
DEFINITIONS OF SOME IMPORTANT TERMS
NOMENCLATURE OF COORDINATION
COMPOUNDS
OPTICAL ISOMERISM
IONIZATION ISOMERISM

HYDRATE ISOMERISM
LINKAGE AND COORDINATION ISOMERISM
LIMITATIONS OF WERNER’S THEORY
VALENCE BOND THEORY
INNER ORBITAL COMPLEXES OR LOW SPIN OR
SPIN PAID COMPLEXES
OUTER ORBITAL OR HIGH SPIN OR SPIN FREE
COMPLEX
SQUARE PLANAR COMPLEXES
TETRAHEDRAL COMPLEX
LIMITATIONS OF VALANCE BOND THEORY
 CRYSTAL FIELD THEORY
• IT CONSIDERED THE METAL LIGAND BOND TO BE IONIC ARISING PURELY FROM
ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE METAL ION AND THE LIGANDS.
• LIGANDS ARE TREATED AS POINT CHARGES IN CASE OF ANIONS OR DIPOLES IN CASE
OF NEUTRAL MOLECULES.
• THE FIVE D ORBITALS IN AN ISOLATED GASEOUS METAL ATOM OR ION HAVE SAME
ENERGY THAT IS THEY ARE DEGENERATE.
• THE DEGENERACY IS MAINTAINED IF A SPHERICALLY SYMMETRICAL FIELD OF
NEGATIVE CHARGES SURROUNDS THE METAL ATOM OR ION HOWEVER WHEN THE
NEGATIVE FIELD IS DUE TO LEAGANS IN A COMPLEX IT BECOMES A SYMMETRICAL
AND DEGENERACY OF THE ORBITALS IS LIFTED WHICH RESULTS IN THE SPLITTING OF
D THE PATTERN OF SPLITTING DEPENDS UPON THE NATURE OF CRYSTAL FIELD.
SHAPES AND ORIENTATIONS OF D-ORBITALS
CRYSTAL FIELD THEORY FOR OCTAHEDRAL COMPLEXES
SPLITTING OF D ORBITALS IN TETRAHEDRAL
CRYSTAL FIELD
 CRYSTAL FIELD STABILIZATION ENERGY
• THE ENERGY SEPARATION BETWEEN THE TWO SETS OF D ORBITALS IS CALLED
CRYSTAL FIELD SPLITTING ENERGY (CFSE) I.E. ∆O .

• CFSE DEPENDS UPON THE FIELD PRODUCED BY THE LIGANDS AND THE
CHARGE ON THE METAL ION.
• THE LEGANDS WHICH PRODUCE LARGE SPLITTING ARE STRONG FIELD
LIGANDS WHERE AS THOSE WHICH PRODUCE SMALLEST SPLITTING THEY ARE
WE FILLED LEGANDS.
SPECTROCHEMICAL SERIES
HIGH SPIN AND LOW SPIN COMPLEXES
COLOUR IN COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
DEPENDENCE OF COLOUR OF COMPLEX
ON LEGAND
LIMITATIONS OF CRYSTAL FIELD THEORY
THANK YOU