Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Session 21
Session 21
Session 21
Communication
Session 21: Responding to Audio and Visual Texts
The Rhetorical Situation
• Sender: Who created the visual? Why did the person create it?
• Message: What is the subject of the visual image? What is the purpose?
• Medium: What medium/mediums are being used to convey the message?
• Context: When and where did the video/image first appear? When and
where does it appear now? How does the it relate to its context?
Understand the purpose
“What is this image or video meant to do?” and then decide on an appropriate response:
• Arouse curiosity? Open your imagination, but stay on guard.
• Entertain? Look for the pleasure or the joke, but be wary of excess or of ethically questionable material?
• Inform or educate? Search for key instruction, noting what’s left out.
• Illustrate? Relate the image to the words or concept being illustrated: Does the image clarify or distort the
meaning?
• Persuade? Examine how the visuals or audios appeal to the viewer’s needs, from safety and satisfaction to
self-worth. Are the appeals manipulative, clichéd, or fallacious? Do they play on emotions to bypass reason?
• Summarize? Look for the essential message in the image: Does that main idea correspond with the written
text?
• How do visuals and audios contribute to the logical, emotional and
imaginative appeals of the argument?
• What is particularly memorable, disturbing, or problematic about such an
execution of the argument? (also think of other emotions)
• What aspects do the audio/video lay emphasis on which would otherwise
not be there were this only a written text?
• To what extent do the visuals dominate the overall argument or theme that
is meant to be communicated?
“The Danger of A Single Story”
By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9Ihs241zeg
“The Danger of A Single Story”
By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie