Simulation of the Conventional RO

Simulation of the FO-RO

FO-RO RO conventional
CAPEX Estimation CAPEX Estimation
PV cost $ 65,000 PV cost $ 90,000
Mem elem cost $ 109,200 Mem elem cost $ 129,600
RO RO
Train cost $ 117,000 Train cost $ 162,000
RO System Cost $ 291,200 RO System Cost $ 381,600
PV cost $ 8,750 PV cost $ -
Mem elem cost $ 70,000 Mem elem cost $ -
FO FO
Train cost $ 5,000 Train cost $ -
FO System Cost $ 83,750 FO System Cost $ -
Pretreatment Equipment Cost $ 234,300 Pretreatment Equipment Cost $ 439,560
Mem Sys Cost $ 374,950 Mem Sys Cost $ 381,600
Other Equipment Cost $ 374,950 Other Equipment Cost $ 381,600
Site & Construction Cost $ 2,400,000 Site & Construction Cost $ 2,400,000
Sub Total $ 3,384,200 Sub Total $ 3,602,760
Engineering Cost $ 676,840.00 Engineering Cost $ 720,552.00
Indirect Cost $ 1,692,100.0 Indirect Cost $ 1,801,380.0
Contingency Cost $ 338,420.00 Contingency Cost $ 360,276.00
Total Cost $ 6,091,560.00 Total Cost $ 6,484,968.00
Capital Cost Factor 0.0782 Capital Cost Factor 0.0782
Capital Cost $ 0.6044 $/m³ Capital Cost $ 0.6435 $/m³

OPEX Estimation OPEX Estimation

Pumping Energy, (RO) 309.947 kW Pumping Energy, (RO) 444.267 kW
Recovered Energy 86.940 kW Recovered Energy 357.590 kW
Pumping Energy, (FO) 63.571 kW Pumping Energy, (FO) 0.000 kW
Total Electric Energy Consumption 377.253 kW Total Electric Energy Consumption 448.710 kW
Total Specific Energy 3.735 kW-h/m³ Total Specific Energy 4.487 kW-h/m³
Pretreatment & Aux. Energy (1%) 3.735 kW-h/m³ Pretreatment & Aux. Energy (1%) 4.443 kW-h/m³
Specific Energy Consumption 3.773 kW-h/m³ Specific Energy Consumption 4.487 kW-h/m³
Power Cost 0.1886 $/m³ Power Cost 0.2244 $/m³
Chem. (Pre) Cost 0.0355 $/m³ Chem. (Pre) Cost 0.0666 $/m³
Chem. (pH1 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³ Chem. (pH1 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³
Chem. (pH2 adj) Cost 0.0700 $/m³ Chem. (pH2 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³
Mem. Replacement 0.0341 $/m³ Mem. Replacement 0.0247 $/m³
Maint. Cost 0.0337 $/m³ Maint. Cost 0.0412 $/m³
Labor Cost 0.0905 $/m³ Labor Cost 0.0892 $/m³
O&M Cost 0.4524 $/m³ O&M Cost 0.4460 $/m³

Total Cost 1.0568 $/m³ Total Cost 1.0895 $/m³

FO-RO FO-RO RO conventional RO conventional
CAPEX Estimation CAPEX Estimation CAPEX Estimation CAPEX Estimation
PV cost PV cost $ 65,000 $ 65,000
PV cost PV cost $ 90,000 $ 90,000
Mem elem cost Mem elem cost$ 109,200 $ 109,200
Mem elem cost Mem elem cost$ 129,600 $ 129,600
RO RO
Train cost Train cost $ 117,000 $ 117,000
Train cost Train cost $ 162,000 $ 162,000
RO System Cost RO System Cost
$ 291,200 $ 291,200
RO System Cost RO System Cost
$ 381,600 $ 381,600
PV cost PV cost $ 8,750 $ 8,750
PV cost PV cost $ - $ -
Mem elem cost Mem elem cost$ 70,000 $ 70,000
Mem elem cost Mem elem cost$ - $ -
FO FO
Train cost Train cost $ 5,000 $ 5,000
Train cost Train cost $ - $ -
FO System Cost FO System Cost
$ 83,750 $ 83,750
FO System Cost FO System Cost
$ - $ -
Pretreatment Equipment Cost
Pretreatment $ Equipment
234,300
Cost $ 234,300
Pretreatment Equipment Cost
Pretreatment $ Equipment
439,560
Cost $ 439,560
Mem Sys Cost Mem Sys Cost $ 374,950 $ 374,950
Mem Sys Cost Mem Sys Cost $ 381,600 $ 381,600
Other Equipment Cost Other Equipment $ Cost374,950 $ 374,950
Other Equipment Cost Other Equipment $ Cost381,600 $ 381,600
Site & Construction Cost Site & Construction
$ 2,400,000
Cost $ 2,400,000
Site & Construction Cost Site & Construction
$ 2,400,000
Cost $ 2,400,000
Sub Total Sub Total $ 3,384,200 $ 3,384,200
Sub Total Sub Total $ 3,602,760 $ 3,602,760
Engineering Cost Engineering$Cost 676,840.00 $ 676,840.00
Engineering Cost Engineering$Cost 720,552.00 $ 720,552.00
Indirect Cost Indirect Cost$ 1,692,100.0 $ 1,692,100.0
Indirect Cost Indirect Cost$ 1,801,380.0 $ 1,801,380.0
Contingency Cost Contingency$Cost 338,420.00 $ 338,420.00
Contingency Cost Contingency$Cost 360,276.00 $ 360,276.00
Total Cost Total Cost $ 6,091,560.00 $ 6,091,560.00
Total Cost Total Cost $ 6,484,968.00 $ 6,484,968.00
Capital Cost Factor Capital Cost Factor 0.0782 0.0782
Capital Cost Factor Capital Cost Factor 0.0782 0.0782
Capital Cost Capital Cost$ 0.6044 $/m³ $ 0.6044
Capital
$/m³Cost Capital Cost$ 0.6435 $/m³ $ 0.6435 $/m³

OPEX Estimation OPEX Estimation OPEX Estimation OPEX Estimation

Pumping Energy, (RO) Pumping Energy, (RO) 309.947 kW 309.947
Pumping
kW Energy, (RO) Pumping Energy, (RO) 444.267 kW 444.267 kW
Recovered Energy Recovered Energy 86.940 kW 86.940
Recovered
kW Energy Recovered Energy 357.590 kW 357.590 kW
Pumping Energy, (FO) Pumping Energy, (FO) 63.571 kW 63.571
Pumping
kW Energy, (FO) Pumping Energy, (FO) 0.000 kW 0.000 kW
Total Electric Energy Consumption
Total Electric Energy Consumption
377.253 kW 377.253
Total
kWElectric Energy Consumption
Total Electric Energy Consumption
448.710 kW 448.710 kW
Total Specific Energy Total Specific Energy 3.735 kW-h/m³ 3.735
Total
kW-h/m³
Specific Energy Total Specific Energy 4.487 kW-h/m³ 4.487 kW-h/m³
Pretreatment & Aux. EnergyPretreatment
(1%) 3.735
& Aux. Energy (1%)kW-h/m³ 3.735 kW-h/m³ & Aux. EnergyPretreatment
Pretreatment (1%) 4.443
& Aux. Energy (1%)kW-h/m³ 4.443 kW-h/m³
Specific Energy Consumption
Specific Energy Consumption
3.773 kW-h/m³ 3.773
Specific
kW-h/m³
Energy Consumption
Specific Energy Consumption
4.487 kW-h/m³ 4.487 kW-h/m³
Power Cost Power Cost 0.1886 $/m³ 0.1886
Power
$/m³Cost Power Cost 0.2244 $/m³ 0.2244 $/m³
Chem. (Pre) Cost Chem. (Pre) Cost 0.0355 $/m³ 0.0355
Chem.
$/m³(Pre) Cost Chem. (Pre) Cost 0.0666 $/m³ 0.0666 $/m³
Chem. (pH1 adj) Cost Chem. (pH1 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³ 0.0000
Chem.
$/m³(pH1 adj) Cost Chem. (pH1 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³ 0.0000 $/m³
Chem. (pH2 adj) Cost Chem. (pH2 adj) Cost 0.0700 $/m³ 0.0700
Chem.
$/m³(pH2 adj) Cost Chem. (pH2 adj) Cost 0.0000 $/m³ 0.0000 $/m³
Mem. Replacement Mem. Replacement 0.0341 $/m³ 0.0341
Mem.
$/m³Replacement Mem. Replacement 0.0247 $/m³ 0.0247 $/m³
Maint. Cost Maint. Cost 0.0337 $/m³ 0.0337
Maint.
$/m³Cost Maint. Cost 0.0412 $/m³ 0.0412 $/m³
Labor Cost Labor Cost 0.0905 $/m³ 0.0905
Labor
$/m³
Cost Labor Cost 0.0892 $/m³ 0.0892 $/m³
O&M Cost O&M Cost 0.4524 $/m³ 0.4524
O&M$/m³
Cost O&M Cost 0.4460 $/m³ 0.4460 $/m³

Total Cost Total Cost 1.0568 $/m³ 1.0568

Total
$/m³Cost Total Cost 1.0895 $/m³ 1.0895 $/m³
FO-RO CAPEX RO CAPEX
CAPEX Estimation CAPEX Estimation
PV cost $ 65,000 PV cost $ 90,000
Mem elem cost $ 109,200 Mem elem cost $ 129,600
RO RO
Train cost $ 117,000 Train cost $ 162,000
RO System Cost $ 291,200 RO System Cost $ 381,600
PV cost $ 8,750 PV cost $ -
Mem elem cost $ 70,000 Mem elem cost $ -
FO FO
Train cost $ 5,000 Train cost $ -
FO System Cost $ 83,750 FO System Cost $ -
Pretreatment Equipment Cost $ 234,300 Pretreatment Equipment Cost $ 439,560
Mem Sys Cost $ 374,950 Mem Sys Cost $ 381,600
Other Equipment Cost $ 374,950 Other Equipment Cost $ 381,600
Site & Construction Cost $ 2,400,000 Site & Construction Cost $ 2,400,000
Sub Total $ 3,384,200 Sub Total $ 3,602,760
Engineering Cost $ 676,840.00 Engineering Cost $ 720,552.00
Indirect Cost $ 1,692,100.0 Indirect Cost $ 1,801,380.0
Contingency Cost $ 338,420.00 Contingency Cost $ 360,276.00
Total Cost $ 6,091,560.00 Total Cost $ 6,484,968.00
Capital Cost Factor 0.0782 Capital Cost Factor 0.0782
Capital Cost $ 0.6044 $/m³ Capital Cost $ 0.6435 $/m³
FO-RO OPEX RO OPEX
Some comments on the cost estimation
• The water recovery ratio of the RO is less than the FO-RO case, so
more membrane area are required, therefore the capex is higher.
• Other expenses are percentage of this capex, and therefore it is also
higher.
• The water recovery ratio of the FO-RO is much higher than the RO,
hence lower amount of feed water to be pressurized. Also, the feed
salinity is lower than the RO case, hence the required pressure is
lower. Therefore, the power consumption is lower.
• The recovered energy in case of FO-RO is much lower than the RO due
to the lower pressure and flow rate of the brine.
• The estimated IRR for 1.0 MIGD, 20 years FO-RO plant would be 23%

• The internal rate of return (IRR) is a metric used in financial

analysis to estimate the profitability of potential
investments.