DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Learning Objectives:
◦ Explain ingestion, absorption, assimilation, and
excretion;
◦ Describe the process of digestion; and
◦ Identify and locate the organs and substances that
are involved in the digestion process, and give the
functions of each.
 MOUTH
PHARYNX

Label the parts ESOPHAGUS

of the digestive STOMACH

system. LIVER

SMALL INTESTINE
LARGE INTESTINE

RECTUM
ANUS
The digestive system is responsible for the processing and uptake of
nutrition. Every cell in an organism needs energy and an array of
nutrients to remain alive.
Four Main Functions of the Digestive System
1.ingestion,
2.digestion of food,
3. absorption of nutrients and
4.elimination of solid food waste.
◦ Ingestion is the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into
the body by swallowing or absorbing it.
◦ Mouth- to ingests food, to chews and mixes food.
-is the anterior opening and it is guarded by upper and lower lips.
-It contains oral glands, tongue, and teeth.
◦ Digestion is the process of breaking down food into components the body
can absorb.
◦ Esophagus is a hollow, muscular tube that carries food and liquid from
your throat to your stomach.
-main function of the esophagus is to propels food to stomach.
◦ Stomach
-One of the functions of stomach is to mixes and churns food with gastric
juices.
- gastric acid, gastric juice, or stomach acid is a digestive fluid formed within
the stomach lining.
◦ Small Intestine
-helps to further digest food coming from the stomach.
-This is where absorption occurs.
-The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the
pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion. The
walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your
bloodstream.
-The pancreas and liver together with the gall bladder are called the accessory
organs of digestive system
Villi (Villus)
What do you think will happen to any remaining matter from food that
cannot be digested and absorbed?

The remaining matter from food that cannot be digested and absorbed
passes into the large intestine as waste. The waste later passes out of the
body through the anus in the process of elimination.

◦ Large Intestine
-It is the storage of the waste products from the digestion process.
- is where food waste is formed into stool/feces, stored, and finally
excreted through the process of elimination.
◦ Rectum
-The rectum is the lower end part of the large
intestine. This is where the stool/feces being stored.

◦ Anus
-The function of the anus is to exit fecal matter
regulated by the anal sphincter.`