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Lecture 4
Lecture 4
Lecture 4
reservoir geometry
• Pseudo-steady-state solution to the flow equation
assumed a centred well in a circular drainage area.
• tDA
• 𝜙=0.2
• 𝜇= 1cp
• Ct = 1x10^-5 1/psi
• k= 100 md
• We first calculate the time group tDA (dimensionless time based on
drainage area)
• Unknowns ( k, Pi and S)
• It is a pressure build up test thus we use the formula
•We pick any two points on the line and subtracting the
pressures ( that are one cycle apart i.e. factor of 10)
Producing time tp=72 hr
Slope m= (1950-1850)= 100 psi/cycle
k=
Pi=1950 psig
skin factor can be calculated from
Here Pws (pressure at shut in) is P1hr on the line and can be found at =73
• Early-time region
• Middle-time region
• late-time region
Deviations from Assumptions
in Ideal theory
• 1) Infinite reservoir
• 3) Homogeneous reservoir.
Infinite reservoir
• We can conclude that the Horner plot and approximation isn’t valid if
the reservoir is not infinite acting. A reservoir with no apparent outer boundary limit
affecting fluid flow during a test period. Unless an outer boundary, such as a nearby fault, is close to
the wellbore, it usually takes a day or more for outer boundaries to affect well-test results. Since most
tests are of relatively short duration, outer boundaries usually do not affect test results” Schlumberger
glossary.
• We assumed that the reservoir is infinite acting just before the build up test and during the test. We
can’t use the infinite reservoir solution with Ei function and its simplification (ln)
• There are methods (by different analysts) to resolved this issue when the reservoir isn’t infinite acting.
Finite acting reservoir
• We will use MDH method.
Homogeneous Reservoir
Assumption
• Solutions for the flow equation are valid for
homogeneous reservoir, yet there is no such a thing as a
homogeneous reservoir.
• What to use?!
Modifications for multiphase
flow
• Build up equation:-
• Until the pressure transient cause by shutting in the well for build-up test moves
through this k altered region; there is no reason to expect a straight line slope that is
related to formation k.
• Another complication is due to continuous movement of fluids into the wellbore after
shut in.
• In the idealised test leading to the equation (Pws=Pi-mlog(tp+ 𝛥t)/ 𝛥t), it was
assumed that after shut in (𝛥t=0) flow rate q changes to 0 instantaneously. Where in
fact q declines towards 0.