PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 2
Nature &
Inquiry of
Research
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable
phenomena. A phenomenon is an existing or observable fact or situation that we want to unearth further
or to understand. It is a scientific method for the fact that it uses a scientific method in designing and
collecting numerical data. Once data is collected, it will undergo statistical analysis like Pearsn’s t-test and
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for analysis. Since data is analyzed statistically, it is imperative that the
data obtained must be numerical and quantifiable, hence its name quantitative research
 Knowing and
Understanding Oneself
during Middle and Late
Adolescence
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
– is a process of discovering
oneself by realizing one’s
potentials and capabilities that
are shaped over time either by
studying in a formal school or
through environmental factors.
- how you react to things
- your beliefs
- your traits
- your values
“An unexamined life
is not worth living.”
– Socrates
“Knowing yourself is
the beginning of all
wisdom”
– Aristotle
 That an individual could learn
more by studying others and
then he or she can do this by
engaging himself or herself in
the reading of books.
However, a person learns
more by studying oneself.
It is about acquiring the skills
of a way of questioning or
challenging the person to gain
a careful understanding of
oneself.
• Identity
• Passion
• Interest
• Feelings
• intellect
 - one of the
founders of
humanistic
psychology

Carl Rogers
Self-image/Actual self
• this is how you see yourself
• Mixture of different attributes
including our physical
characteristics, personality
traits, and social role
 Self-esteem
• how much you value
yourself
 Ideal self
• how you wish you
could be
 - a well-known
psychologist,
neurologist, and the
creator of
psychoanalysis
theory, and the
father of
psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud
 3 Components of
Personality:
• Id
• Ego
• Superego
Freud explained that
man’s personality is
driven by the pleasure
principle
1. Id
• to satisfy man’s desire
without thinking much of
the situation
• being developed at a young
age or present from birth
2. Ego
• being developed
approximately at the age of
three
• will give a more socially
accepted means of getting the
desires and wants of a person
without getting to hurting
others’ feelings
3. Superego
• begins to manifest as a child
turns five
• holds moral judgments and
concepts of right and wrong
that are believed to be
acquired from the family and
the environment
 - Asian philosopher
from the East

Lao Chu
 “Knowing others is
intelligence. Knowing yourself
is true wisdom. Mastering
others is strength. Mastering
youlself is true power.
– Lao Chu
Adolescence
- is the period when a
young individual
develops from a child
into an adult
• How you look
• How you take your role in the
community
• How do other people expect
you to make decisions on your
own
• How you perceive yourself