HIP JOINT

Learning objectives
• Identify important ligaments of hip joint on given
model.
• Correlate the muscle attachment with various
movements of joint
• Enumerate nerve supply and blood supply of
joint
• Explain the importance of artery to the ligament
of the femoral head in Fractures of the Femoral
Neck
• Explain the anatomical structures involved in
Dislocation of Hip Joint
 Ball and socket synovial joint
 Hemispherical head of femur and
cup-shaped acetabulum of hip
bone
 Acetabulum: deficient inferiorly
at acetabular notch
 Acetabular cavity deepened by
fibrocartilaginous rim acetabular
labrum
 Articular surfaces : covered with
hyaline cartilage.
 CAPSULE encloses joint
Attachments
 Medially: Acetabular
labrum
 Laterally:Intertrochanteric
line of femur and halfway
along posterior aspect of
neck
 At its attachment to
intertrochanteric line in
front, some fibers
accompanied by blood
vessels are reflected
upward along neck called
retinacula
Capsule
Ligaments
Iliofemoral ligament (Y-shaped)
 Strong, inverted Y-shaped ligament
 Base : anterior inferior iliac spine above
 Below two limbs of Y: upper and lower parts of
intertrochanteric line.
 Prevents overextension during standing
Pubofemoral ligament (Triangular)
 Base: attached to superior ramus of pubis
 Apex: lower part of intertrochanteric line
 Limits extension and abduction
Ischiofemoral ligament (Spiral shaped)
 Attached : body of the ischium near acetabular margin
 Fibers pass upward and laterally, attached to greater
trochanter
 Limits extension
 Transverse acetabular ligament : as acetabular labrum
bridges the acetabular notch (tunnel blood vessels and
nerves enter joint)

Ligament of head of femur (flat and triangular)

• Apex: pit on femoral head (fovea capitis)
• Base: transverse ligament and margins of acetabular
notch
• Lies within joint
Synovial membrane
 Lines capsule , attached to margins of articular surfaces
 Covers portion of femoral neck that lies within joint
capsule.
 It ensheathes ligament of head of femur and covers pad
of fat in acetabular fossa.
Psoas bursa
 A pouch of synovial membrane frequently protrudes
through a gap in anterior wall of the capsule, between
the pubofemoral and iliofemoral ligaments, forms psoas
bursa beneath psoas tendon
Nerve supply
 Femoral nerve
 Obturator nerve
 Sciatic nerve
 Nerve to quadratus femoris
Blood supply
Anastomosis around neck of femur
Ascending branches of medial lateral circumflex
femoral vessels (from profunda femoris )
Acetabular branches of obturator ( for head of
femur) and medial circumflex femoral vessels
Retinacular vessels
Movements
Hip abductors
Hips adductors
Lateral rotators
Medial rotators
 Hip joint dislocation
Usually posterior
When joint is flexed
and adducted
Femoral head
posteriorly displaced
out of acetabulum
Sciatic nerve proned
to injury
THANKYOU AND DO EXERCISE!