DESCRIBING THE

DIFFERENT WAYS
REPRESENTATIVE
ANIMALS REPRODUCE
A PRESENTATION BY: CLIENT MARLO D. PANDATU
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
IT IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF
REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS. IT INVOLVES
THE FUSION OF GAMETES (REPRODUCTIVE
CELLS) FROM TWO PARENTS, TYPICALLY A
MALE AND A FEMALE. SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION PROMOTES GENETIC
DIVERSITY AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE
PRODUCTION OF OFFSPRING THAT INHERIT
TRAITS FROM BOTH PARENTS.
TYPES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
A. INTERNAL FERTILIZATION: IN THIS
FORM OF REPRODUCTION,
FERTILIZATION OCCURS INSIDE THE
FEMALE’S BODY. THE MALE
TRANSFERS SPERM INTO THE
FEMALE’S REPRODUCTIVE TRACT,
WHERE IT MEETS AND FERTILIZES
THE FEMALE’S EGGS. MAMMALS,
REPTILES, BIRDS, AND SOME SPECIES
TYPES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
B. EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION: IN
CONTRAST TO INTERNAL
FERTILIZATION, EXTERNAL
FERTILIZATION OCCURS OUTSIDE THE
FEMALE’S BODY. BOTH MALES AND
FEMALES RELEASE THEIR GAMETES
INTO THE SURROUNDING
ENVIRONMENT, WHERE
FERTILIZATION TAKES PLACE. THIS
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION INVOLVES THE
PRODUCTION OF OFFSPRING WITHOUT THE
INVOLVEMENT OF GAMETES OR THE UNION OF
GENETIC MATERIAL FROM TWO PARENTS. THE
OFFSPRING ARE GENETICALLY IDENTICAL OR
NEARLY IDENTICAL TO THE PARENT. ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION IS ADVANTAGEOUS IN STABLE
ENVIRONMENTS AND CAN RESULT IN RAPID
POPULATION GROWTH.
FORMS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1. BINARY FISSION: THIS FORM OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION INVOLVES THE DIVISION OF A
SINGLE PARENT ORGANISM INTO TWO NEARLY
EQUAL-SIZED OFFSPRING. IT IS COMMONLY
OBSERVED IN SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISMS LIKE
BACTERIA AND PROTISTS.
FORMS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
2. BUDDING: IT IS A PROCESS IN WHICH A NEW
ORGANISM DEVELOPS AS AN OUTGROWTH OR
BUD FROM THE PARENT ORGANISM. THE BUD
EVENTUALLY SEPARATES FROM THE PARENT AND
BECOMES AN INDEPENDENT INDIVIDUAL. THIS
METHOD IS SEEN IN ORGANISMS LIKE HYDRA AND
YEAST.
FORMS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
3.FRAGMENTATION: FRAGMENTATION OCCURS
WHEN AN ORGANISM BREAKS INTO FRAGMENTS,
EACH OF WHICH CAN DEVELOP INTO A NEW
INDIVIDUAL. THIS METHOD IS OBSERVED IN SOME
INVERTEBRATES, SUCH AS STARFISH AND
FLATWORMS.
FORMS OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
4. PARTHENOGENESIS: PARTHENOGENESIS IS A
TYPE OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION WHERE
OFFSPRING DEVELOP FROM UNFERTILIZED EGGS.
THE EGG UNDERGOES DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT
BEING FERTILIZED BY SPERM. IT IS SEEN IN
CERTAIN INSECTS, REPTILES, AND FISH.