Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Viral Diseases - 06
Viral Diseases - 06
Viral Diseases - 06
Parvoviridae
• Erythrovirus is human pathogen.
• Causes lace like rash that lasts a few days.
• Children 4-10 yrs. old most affected.
• Transmission occurs during incubation
period.
• No longer infectious by appearance of
rash.
Papovaviridae
• Papilloma virus
– Skin warts and genital warts
– Various strains of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Each
have preference for different body sites.
– Grouped into 2 main categories:
• 1) cutaneous
• 2) mucosal
– Incubation can be up to 2 years before signs or symptoms
are detected.
– Genome can persist in cells for years without outward
signs.
– Early genes stimulate proliferation of basal cells which
causes the protruding papilloma (visible tissue or wart).
• Cutaneous (plain old warts)
– Transmission through skin abrasions
• Commonly picked up from wet floors of public
swimming pools and bathrooms
• Subsequent spreading through scratching, picking,
digging of wart.
– Rx
• Wart regresses spontaneously.
• Cryotherapy (freezing with liquid Nitrogen) or
injectible anti-cancer drugs are occasionally
effective.
• Mucosal
– Transmission through abrasions during sexual
intercourse
• Can cause cancer by inactivation tumor suppressor gene
products. The tumor suppress gene prevents the uncontrolled
growth of cells. When it’s function is compromised
uncontrolled cell growth is allowed causing tumors.
• Cervical carcinomas may develop 20-50 years post infection
because the genome of the virus persists in the infected cells.
– Rx
• Laser
• Surgery
– Vaccination: currently testing vaccine against
mucosal strains
– “On average, there are 9,710 new cases and 3,700
deaths from cervical cancer in the United States each
year.
– HPV is the most common sexually transmitted
infection in the United States, More than 20 million
men and women in the United States are currently
infected with HPV and there are 6.2 million new
infections each year. HPV is most common in young
women and men who are in their late teens and early
20s. By age 50, at least 80 percent of women will have
acquired HPV infection.
• Expectations (prognosis)
• The outcome is usually very poor. Complete dementia
commonly occurs within 6 months or less of the onset of
symptoms, with the person becoming totally incapable of
self-care.
• The disorder is fatal in a short time, usually within 7
months, but a few people survive as long as 1 or 2 years
after diagnosis of the disorder. The cause of death is
usually infection, heart failure, or respiratory failure.
Sources
• http://www.cdc.gov
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
• Fenner, F.J. and White, O.J., eds. (1994).
“Medical Virology” 4th Ed. Academic Press,
Inc., San Diego, California.
• Case, C.L., Funke, B.R. andTortora, G. J., eds.
(2001). “Microbiology: An Introduction” 7 th
Ed. Benjamin Cummings.