Kurdistan Region Government –Iraq

Akre University For Apply Science

Akre Technical Institute
Department of survey
First Stage-First semester
Total Station

Prepared by:
 Diyar Zaki Ahmed
 Muhanad Nizar
Supervisor By:
 Dljin Rafeh
Mr.Bakhtyar Q.khawaja
 Viyan Talal
 Content
 Introduction

 What is Total Station

 Total station survey

 Capabilities of total station

 Advantages of Using Total Stations

 Disadvantages of total station

 Conclusion

 Reference
 Introduction

The total station is a useful instrument in modern survey technology. It improves the survey works by any means.
Accurate calculation with the help of a computerized system installed in this device makes it one man army. You can
do surveys with this one device easily and effectively. It can give you more accurate results than any other device.
So surely Total station is a great innovation of the modern era.
 What is total station

It is an electronic or optical instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as the sloping
distance of the object to the instrument and an onboard computer to collect data and perform triangulation
calculations. It is an electronic transit theodolite integrated with electronic distance measurement (EDM),
microprocessor, electronic data collector, and storage system. It is also known as total station theodolite
 Total station survey

 Direct measurement

 Angle measurement

 Coordinate measurement
 Direct measurement

A tiny solid-state emitter located within the instrument’s optical path generates a modulated infrared carrier signal, which
is then reflected by a prism reflector, or the item being surveyed to determine distance. The computer in the total station
reads and decodes the modulation pattern of the signal
 Angle measurement

It can measure both horizontal and vertical angles. We can measure it in shorter times like 2 to 6 seconds.
Reference directions is important here which is the selected zenith point in a vertical angle and the
conventional point in a horizontal angle.
 Coordinate measurement

If a direct line of sight can be established between the two points, the total station can be used to identify the
coordinates of an unknown point in relation to a known coordinate. Measurements of angles and distances are made
from the total station to the points being surveyed, and trigonometry and triangulation are used to determine the
coordinates of the surveyed points in relation to the location of the total station
 Capabilities of total station

1. The average of multiple angles is measured

2. The average of multiple distances is measured

3. Horizontal distances

4. Distances between any two observed points

5. Elevations of objects on the surface

6. Three coordinates of the unknown observed points

 Advantages of using total stations

1. You can quickly set up the instrument on the tripod with the help of laser plummet. It can
be used as a multidisciplinary instrument.

2. Working capability is high as well as time is to be saved.

3. There are no recording or writing errors.

4. It gives more accurate measurements than any other device.

5. Natural language can be supported.

 Disadvantages of total station

1. Buying cost is higher

2. While the operating errors may be unseen

3. Highly skilled operators required

4. Low battery life

5. Leveling instruments can cause problems with elevation

 Conclusion

The total station is a revolutionary improvement in surveying sectors. It makes the surveyor more relaxed than any
other device. It can facilitate the total work process of any device. Digitally having data gives the accurate result of an
area that saves time and error is reduced. We can rely on the value shown because of database integration. Manually
checking is lessened. One can do the whole survey work with the help of one total station which brings down the
instrument hassle.
 Reference
 What is Total Station? Types, Parts and Details - Civil Engineering (civiltoday.com)

 Total Station in Surveying: Types, Uses and Applications (constructionplacements.com)

 Total Station in Surveying: Types, Uses and Applications (constructionplacements.com)

 Total station | PPT (slideshare.net)