GOVERNANCE AND

PUBLIC POLICY
Chapter: 6. Public administration & code of ethics & Esta code
effectiveness, comparison with other countries
 . Public administration & code of ethics & Esta code
effectiveness, comparison with other countries

 Public Administration meaning & Introduction.

 Code of ethics
 Introduction of code of ethics
 The purpose of Code of ethics
 Principles of code of ethics.
 Impacts of code of ethics.
 Public Administration & code of ethics.
 Effectiveness of code of ethics.
 ESTACODE (Pakistan).
 Challenges of ESTACODE.
 Public Administration : Meaning and Definition

 Meaning
 Derived from latin words “ad’ and “ministaire” which means to
serve.
 Administration is thus concerned with service of people.
 Administration may be public or private.
 Definition
 Machinery through which the orders and directions of Executive
branch are implemented.
 Code of Ethics

 Introduction
 Also known as code of conduct.
 Broadly recognized in international anti-corruption agreement.
 High standard of ethical practice by public servant.
 It holds public servant accountable for adhering to these principles.
 It leads to strong , effective and effective public service
 Purpose of Code of Ethics
 It is written to guide behavior.
 Codes may be General or specific
 Codes are necessary to improve behavior for functioning public
service
 Code of Ethics

 Purpose of Code of Ethics

 Codes are never designed for bad people.
 Ethical guidance in difficult and unclear situations.
 “If men were angles no govt would be necessary, if angles were to
gover men, neither external nor internal control on govt would bbe
necessary” (James Madison)
 Man is a controlled entity
 Very few of men follow life on basis of self conscience.
 To make individuals and organizations more moral.
 Code of Ethics

 Principles of Ethics.
 To promote public interests over personal interests.
 Respect and support the Govt constitutions, laws while seeking to
improve the laws & policies to promote the public good.
 Promote democratic participation though active citizen
engagement. Be open, transparent, responsive and assist all
persons in their dealing with public organizations.
 Strengthen social equity by treating all persons with fairness,
justice, equality and respect.
 Fully inform and advise the hierarchy by providing accurate, honest,
comprehensive and timely information and advice to the elected
officials and board members and staff members in your
organizations
 Code of Ethics

 Principles of Ethics.
 Demonstrate personal integrity by adhering to highest standard of
conduct to inspire public confidence & trust in public service.
 Promote ethical organization.
 Advance professional excellence of self and encourage the
professional development of others
 Public Administration and Code of Conduct

 Public administration and Code of ethics are closely related.

 Good code of ethics lead to good governance.
 Public administration requires professional standards and the later
are dependent on code of ethics.
 Effectiveness of Code of Ethics.

 Code of ethics can improve the organizational performance.

 COE controls the irregularities.
 Builds up the trust between organization & its stake holders.
 Good conduct contributes to success.
 Good conduct is good business.
 In case of bad conduct, lower productivity, higher turn over ,
increased costs.
 Implementing a code of conduct is a valuable and competitive
asset.
 B. ESTA CODE- Pakistan.

 Esta code is a the establishment code.

 It prescribes the rules of service for civil service of Pakistan.
 It includes guidelines for hiring, promotion, discipline, pay and
pension leave and retirement.
 It is protected by civil servant Act 1973 under Article 240 & 241.
 It is relevant to civil posts in connection with affairs of federation.
 B. ESTA CODE- Pakistan.Main Provisions

 Probation for one year.

 Confirmation after provision
 Seniority lists of individuals on basis of initial appointment
 Minimum qualification for promotion.
 Promotion on basis of seniority cum fitness.
 A civil servant will be posted any where in Pakistan.
 Appointment Authority is a terminating Authority
 Efficiency and discipline Rules. Major & Minor punishment.
 Rules for Retirement.
 Conduct Rules.
 Pay Rules.
 Leave Rules.
 Transfer/Posting rules
 B. ESTA CODE- Pakistan. challenges

 Closed hierarchical structure.

 Elite generalists and Subordinate specialists cadre.
 Gap between responsibilities and organizational management and
incentives has increased.
 Esta code has some missing links i-e HRM, Training and
development, leadership development & performance evaluation.
 Old colonial laws.
 Regional quota.
 Reforming corrupt and politicized bureaucracy
 Effective , transparent accountability of officers.
 Esta cade be made more flexible
Allah Hafiz