CSE-512: Advanced Wireless

and Mobile Communication

Prof. Md. Abdul Based

Additional Director, Research & Publication Cell

4 January 2024
Lecture Hours
 Day: Friday

 Time: 2.00 pm - 3.40 pm

(some changes may happen…)

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Grading & Marks Distribution
 DIU Grading System
 Marks Distribution
 Mid-term (20%)
 Assignment (10%)
 Class Tests (10%)
 Attendance & Behavior (10%)
 Final (50%)
 Pattern of Question?
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 Book References
 T. S. Rappaport, Wireless
Communications – Principles and
Practice
 K. Pahlavan and P. Krishnamurthy,
Principles of Wireless Networks – A Unified
Approach
 J-C Chen and T. Zhang, IP-Based Next-
Generation Wireless Networks – Systems,
Architectures, and Protocols
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Course Contents

 Introduction to Wireless Networks

 Mobile Radio Propagation
 Wireless Network Planning
 Multiple Access Schemes
 Analog Modulation
 Digital Modulation
 Network Operation
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Course Contents (contd.)
 Wireless LAN
 Wireless PAN
 Mobility Management
 GSM
 SIM Technology and Development

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 Introduction
Why Wirelss?
 Tetherless connection: freedom of movement

 Cheaper

 Faster to deploy

 Only option in the remote areas

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 Classification (Basic)
 Range
 Topology
 Purpose
 Frequency
 Communication Mode

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Classification (Advanced)
 Transmission Medium
 Mobility Support
 Data Rate
 Security Measures
 Network Architecture
 Power Consumption

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Classification (Other)
 Network Coverage
 Infrastructure
 Reliability & Redundancy
 Frequency Hopping
 Deployment
 Interconnectivity
 Transmission Power
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 Range
 Personal Area Network (PAN): Covers a small
area for personal devices. Example: Bluetooth.
 Local Area Network (LAN): Limited to a specific
geographic area, like a home or office. Example: Wi-
Fi.
 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Spans a city
or large campus. Example: WiMAX.
 Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers a broad area,
often connecting multiple cities or countries.
Example: Cellular networks.
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 Topology
 Point-to-Point (P2P): Connects two devices
directly. Example: Bluetooth file transfer.
 Point-to-Multipoint (P2MP): Connects one
device to multiple others. Example: Wi-Fi hotspot.
 Mesh Network: Devices interconnect, providing
multiple paths for data. Example: Zigbee.

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 Purpose
 Home Network: Used for connecting devices within
a household. Examples: Wi-Fi, Zigbee.
 Enterprise Network: Used in businesses for large-
scale connectivity. Examples: Wi-Fi, Ethernet.
 Mobile Network: Enables communication for
mobile devices. Examples: 4G LTE, 5G.
 Sensor Network: Connects sensors for data
collection. Example: Wireless Sensor Networks
(WSN).

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 Frequency
 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Networks:
Common for Wi-Fi; 2.4 GHz for wider
coverage, 5 GHz for higher speeds.
 60 GHz Networks: Used for high-speed,
short-range communication. Example:
WiGig.

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 Communication Mode
 Simplex: Data flows in one direction only.
Example: Radio broadcast.
 Half-Duplex: Data can flow in both
directions, but not simultaneously.
Example: Walkie-Talkies.
 Full-Duplex: Allows simultaneous two-
way communication. Example: Cellular
calls.
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 Transmission Medium
 Radio Wave Networks: Utilize radio
waves for communication. Example: Wi-Fi.
 Infrared Networks: Use infrared signals
for short-range communication. Example:
TV remote controls.
 Microwave Networks: Employ
microwave frequencies for long-distance
communication. Example: Satellite
communication. 16
 Mobility Support
 Stationary Networks: Devices remain
fixed during communication. Example:
Fixed WiMAX.
 Mobile Networks: Devices can move
during communication. Example: Cellular
networks.

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 Data Rate
 Low Data Rate Networks: Suitable for
simple applications with minimal data
requirements. Example: RFID.
 Medium Data Rate Networks: Moderate
data transfer capabilities. Example: Zigbee.
 High Data Rate Networks: Support
higher data transfer speeds. Example: 4G
LTE, 5G.
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Security Measures
 Secured Networks: Implement
encryption and authentication for data
protection. Example:
WEP/WPA2/WPA3/RSN for Wi-Fi.
 Open Networks: Lack strong security
measures, making them more
vulnerable. Example: Public Wi-Fi
hotspots.
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 Network Architecture
 Client-Server Networks: Devices
connect to a central server for resources.
Example: Traditional Wi-Fi networks.
 Peer-to-Peer Networks: Devices
communicate directly with each other
without a central server. Example: Ad-hoc
Wi-Fi networks.

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 Power Consumption
 Low Power Networks: Designed for
devices with limited power resources.
Example: Zigbee for IoT devices.
 High Power Networks: Devices have
sufficient power resources. Example: Wi-Fi
in laptops and smartphones.

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 Network Coverage
 Indoor Networks: Primarily designed for
communication within buildings. Example:
Wi-Fi in homes or offices.
 Outdoor Networks: Span larger areas,
often used for city-wide or rural coverage.
Example: Outdoor Wi-Fi for public spaces.

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 Infrastructure
 Infrastructure Networks: Rely on fixed
infrastructure elements like routers and
access points. Example: Traditional Wi-Fi
networks.
 Infrastructureless Networks: Formed
without relying on a fixed infrastructure,
often in ad-hoc scenarios. Example: Mobile
Ad-hoc Networks (MANET).
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 Reliability & Redundancy
 Reliable Networks: Prioritize stable and
consistent connections. Example: Fiber-
optic networks.
 Redundant Networks: Provide backup
paths for data transmission, enhancing
reliability. Example: Dual-path Wi-Fi setups.

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 Frequency-Hopping
 Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum
(FHSS): Changes frequencies during
transmission to enhance security and
reduce interference. Example: Bluetooth.
 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS): Spreads data across a wide
frequency band for robust communication.
Example: 802.11b Wi-Fi.
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 Deployment
 Public Networks: Accessible to the
general public. Example: Public Wi-Fi
hotspots.
 Private Networks: Restricted access,
often for organizational or personal use.
Example: Corporate Wi-Fi networks.

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 Interconnectivity
 Interconnected Networks: Link
multiple networks for seamless
communication. Example: Internet.
 Isolated Networks: Operate
independently, with limited or no
connection to other networks. Example:
Closed intranet systems.

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 Transmission Power
 Low-Power Networks: Transmit signals
over short distances with limited power.
Example: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).
 High-Power Networks: Cover larger
areas with stronger signals. Example:
Long-range Wi-Fi.

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3G/45/6G: Mobiles Meet Internet

 High Mobility
 Not so high data rate
 Standardization (political influence)
 Spectrum auctioning
 Expensive systems are engineered,
constructed, and marketed
 Investors pay and expect a heavy return
 Subscribers pay all
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 New Philosophy
 IEEE 802 (and ETSI)
 No national bodies: no politics
 Low cost products
 Licence-exempt spectrum
 Opens up market to enterprise and
innovation
 Offers higher data rates

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 Thank you!

 Comments!

 Questions?
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