Hydraulic System

Hydraulic system
Table of contents
 1. Hydraulic basic knowledge
2.The introduction of hydraulic components
 3. Hydraulic system of excavator
4.The introduction of hydraulic pipe line
5.Pressure test and adjust
6.Troubleshooting
1.1 Pascal’s theorem
1. Pressure on a confined liquid will

exert the same force in all Large area
directions equally . Small area F
Load
2.The speed of the load, as it
moves, is in direct proportion to the
area of it’s cylinder verses the area
of the cylinder F.
Full of oil
3. Fluid pressure is created by
external load. No load, no pressure.
4.Conservation of energy F ＝ p×A v ＝ q÷A

P ＝ v×F
F--force p--pressure
A--area q--flow
P--power v--speed
1.2 Lines and symbols commonly used in hydraulic
systems
Lines:
Thick solid lines represent work lines
Broken solid lines represent pilot or drain lines
Double dotted lines represent combined elements
Intersect lines with small dots represent connected lines.
Intersecting lines with small circular offset, represent lines or

circuits that do not meet
Symbols ：
P——Pressure oil of pump
A 、 B—— The work oil port of cylinder or motor
O 、 T 、 Dr——Reservoir
1.3 Basic composition of the hydraulic system
Hydraulic system consist of 4 parts:
Hydraulic pump: Converts the

mechanical energy to hydraulic energy.
Implement components: Convert the

hydraulic energy to mechanical energy.
For example cylinder, motor and so on.
1.3 Basic composition of the hydraulic system
Control components: Valves. Generally,

there are pressure control valves, flow
control valves, directional control valve.
Auxiliary components: Hydraulic tank,

filters, piping, joints, seals, coolers,
accumulators and so on.
1.4 Symbol of hydraulic components
Hydraulic pump:
One-way, fixed Two-way, fixed One-way, variable

displacement displacement displacement
Hydraulic valves :
One-way valve Shuttle Valve Flow Control Valve Variable Flow

Control Valve
Relief valve Pressure reducing Solenoid valve Shut-off valve

valve
Hydraulic motor:
One-way, fixed Two-way, fixed Two-way, variable

displacement displacement displacement
Hydraulic cylinder :
A B A B
Double-acting Single-acting
hydraulic cylinder hydraulic cylinder
Auxiliary components:
Hydraulic Reservoir Cooler Filter Accumulator

1.5 Recommended Hydraulic oil
Please contact LiuGong Headquarters for

additional information.
Use of Motor oil is prohibited.
Table of contents
2. The introduction of hydraulic components
4. The introduction of hydraulic pipe line
 5. Pressure test and adjust
6. Troubleshooting
Main hydraulic components
Main pump Main control valve Swing Motor&Reducer
Travel Motor&Reducer Pilot valve Travel pilot valve Pilot valve block
 2. The introduction of hydraulic components
2.1 Main pump

2.2 Main control valve
2.3 Swing Motor&Reducer
2.4 Travel Motor&Reducer
2.5 Pilot valve
2.6 Travel pilot valve
2.7 Pilot valve block
2.1 Main pump (description)
This pump is composed of main pump and pilot pump. The main pump is
a variable displacement axial plunger pump. It provides high pressure oil for
the hydraulic system of excavator. The pilot pump is a fixed displacement
gear pump. It supplies oil for the control system. The main pump is driven by
the engine through a coupler. The pilot gear pump is connected directly by
the drive shaft of the main pump at the same rotate speed.
2.1 Main pump (main parameters)
Item unit 920D/922D 923D/925D

Duplex Variable Duplex Variable
Type Axial Piston Axial Piston
Pump Pump
Main pump Displacement cc 108 115
Flow L/min 2×215 2×230
Rated pressure MPa 34.3 34.3
Type Gear pump Gear pump
Displacement cc 10 10
Pilot pump
Flow L/min 20 20
Rated pressure MPa 3.9 3.9
Models ：
920D (Ⅱ)
2.1 Main pump (shape)

922D (Ⅱ)
923D (Ⅱ)
925D (Ⅱ)
The port of pilot pressure test The port of main pressure test Port for Leakage
Oil outlet Right pump

Left pump
Pilot pump
The adjust bolt of

Pilot pressure min. flow
adjust bolt
Regulator for left
pump
The adjust bolt of max. flow Regulator for The adjust bolt of
Solenoid Proportional right pump min. flow
Reducing Valve
2.1 Main pump (Structure)
Regulator for Regulator

P1 pump for P2 pump
P m1 P m2
P i1 P i2
B3
Dr KAWASAKI
B1
a3
a1 a2
Pilot pump
P1 pump Valve block P2 pump
Cylinder
block
Driven
shaft
Swashplate
Piston-shoe
Piston
Spring Plug
Cover plate Compensation Piston
Piston sleeve O-ring
Pilot pump
body
Support plate
Cover plate
Swashplate
Cylinder body Valve block Circlip

Piston Plug
Adjustment rod Spool
Adjustment valve body Pin
Driving wheel
Cam plate
Slipper
Platen
Shaft sleeve Pump body Ring

Compensation
Push rod for push rod
Spring Seat Valve cover
Drive shaft Connecting rod
Driven wheel
Drive shaft
Piston
Ball cushion
Bearing Bearing Cover

plate
2.1 Main pump (Hydraulic Models ：
920D (Ⅱ)
922D (Ⅱ)
schematic ) 923D (Ⅱ)
925D (Ⅱ) 、
925D(Ⅲ)
P1 Regulator P2 Regulator
for P1 pump Solenoid Proportional for P2 pump
Reducing Valve
Pilot pump
P1 pump
P2 pump
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
2.2 Main control valve (description)
The main control valve is located between the main pump and actuators(all of
the cylinders and motors).It controls the oil direction, pressure, and flow rate
for all of the actuators. Main control valve is pilot control, open negative flow
control, and paralleling monolithic multi-ported directional valve composed of
nine spools. It includes spools for the
boom ， arm ， bucket ， swing ， travel and auxiliary devices. Main control
valve has the auxiliary functions for boom raise confluence ， arm confluence ，
arm regeneration ， swing priority ， boom anti-drift ， arm anti-drift and
straight travel.
2.2 Main control valve (main parameters)
Item unit 920D/922D 923D/925D

Main relief pressure,
Mpa 31.8 32.2
(standard)
Main relief pressure,
Mpa 33.3 34.6
(boost)
Implement circuits Mpa 25.5 25.5

Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
2.2 Main control valve (Shape) 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
Port relief valve for arm spool

2nd arm spool
Lock valve for

arm Bucket spool
1st arm spool 1st boom spool
2nd boom spool Port relief valve for

bucket spool
Swing spool Port relief valve for

boom spool
Main relief valve Lock valve for

boom
Straight travel valve

Left travel spool Right travel Port relief valve for Option spool
spool option spool
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
2.2 Main control valve (Shape) 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
CCb
C2 LCo HV HV
C1 LCa1
CP2
FR
FL
LCb1 LCk LCa2

CSp CSp CMR1&CMR2
(Structure)
B Load Hold Check Valve A

T
Centering
Spring
Pilot oil
P
inlet
Main
spool Pilot oil
Inlet
P oil from pump

2.2 Main control valve (Structure)
Right travel
Arm 1 spool spool
assembly assembly
Valve cover Option spool
assembly
Spool Boom 1 spool
assembly
Lock valve
Bucket spool
Throttle valve assembly
Relief valve
Plug
of port
Relief valve
One-way Swing
assembly of
valve priority valve port
assembly
2.2 Main control valve (Structure)
Arm 2 spool
assembly
One-way
Boom 2 spool
valve
assembly
Straight travel valve Swing spool
assembly assembly
Main relief valve Left travel

spool
assembly
Maintain
Plug the valve
Valve block 1 Valve block 2 Valve block 3
Models ：
2.2 Main control valve 920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、

922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
(Hydraulic schematic )
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear (description)
The swing motor&reducer consists of a hydraulic motor and a re

duction gear.It rotates the upper structure of excavator.
920D/922D 923D/925D
Models ：
2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear 920D(Ⅱ)

922D(Ⅱ)
922D(Ⅲ)
(shape)
Port for Port for pressure test
lubricating oil
Anti-reversion valve
Relief valve
Port for main pressure
Time-delay valve for

braking
Oil dipstick
Swing reduction gear

Models ：
2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear 923D(Ⅱ)
925D(Ⅱ)
(shape)
925D(Ⅲ)
Relief valve
Port for pressure test
Port for
lubricating oil
Oil dipstick
Port for main Swing reduction

pressure gear
2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear
(Structure)
Swing motor upper
Swing motor middle
Swing motor bottom

(Structure)
Screw
Valve block
Plug
Plug
Piston
Spring Cover seat
Swing relief valve Valve plate

(Structure)
Shell
Bearing
Drive shaft
Adjustment plate
Ball cushion
Pump body
Friction plate
Delayer
Screw
Spring Seat
Smooth shoes
Brake Piston Plunger
springs
(Structure)
Motor
(Structure)
Shaft Block Bracket Thrust plate Outer ring
Drive shaft Pin Gear Ring Screw

Reduction
Models ：
2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear 920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、

922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
(hydraulic schematic) 925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
2.4 Travel motor & reduction gear (description)
The Travel motor & reducer consists of a hydraulic motor and a r

eduction gear. It is used to control the forward, backward, left tur
n and right turn operation of the machine.The travel speed can b
e controled by travel speed control switch.There are two speed p
ositons:Low Speed and High Speed. It does not automatically
downshift.
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
2.4 Travel motor & reduction gear (Shape)

922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
Balance valve
Relief valve Travel

reduction gear
Pilot Port/control travel

speed
Relief valve
Port for Leakage

Port for pressure test
Port for main

Refill oil pressure
Oil level mark Port for Leakage
Oil drain plug

2.4 Travel motor & reduction gear (Structure)
Plug Bearing
Spool of Traveling relief valve

balance valve
Buffer valve
Valve plate
One-way
Brake piston valve
Brake springs
Pump body
Bearing Wheel hub
Main shaft Screw

assembly
Models ：
2.4 Travel motor & reduction gear 920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、

922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
(hydraulic schematic ) 925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
Relief valve
Balance valve
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
2.5 Pilot valve (description)
The pilot control valve is used to control implements speed and o

peration. One is installed on the left side of operator seat in the c
ab, and another is installed on the right side. The left one control
s swing, arm and horn. The right one controls boom and bucket
and power boost in standard mode.
2.5 Pilot valve (Structure)
Plug O-ring
Connector Plug
Control levers
Rod
Plate Spring support
Spring 1
Valve seat
Washer
Rubber sleeve
Slide valve
Valve plate Spring 2
Screw
2.5 Pilot valve (Hydraulic schematic )
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
2.6 Travel pilot valve (Description)
The travel pilot valve supplies pilot oil for the travel spools of the
main control valve to control the forward, backward, left turn and
right turn operation of the machine. It also has hydraulic
dampeners to smooth operation of the travel system.
2.6 Travel pilot valve (Structure )
O-ring
Plug
Foot pedal
Rod
Foot pedal support Spring support
Spring 1
Washer
Slide valve
Travel pilot valve Spring 2
2.6 Travel pilot valve (Hydraulic schematic )
2.1 Main pump

2.5 Pilot valve
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
2.7 Pilot valve block (description) 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
Pilot oil goes through the pilot valve block to remote pilot control valve. There
are three solenoid valves which control pilot lock, two speed travel. and power
boost of main relief valve.
Pilot lock
Two speed travel
Power boost
2.7 Pilot valve block (Hydraulic schematic )
Pilot Lock Two Speed Travel Power Boost

Table of contents
 3.Hydraulic system of excavator
 4.The introduction of hydraulic pipe line
 6. Troubleshooting
§ 3.1 Hydraulic system parameters

§ 3.2 Drive diagram of hydraulic system
§ 3.3 Hydraulic system schematic
3.3.1 Negative flow control system
3.3.2 Boom raise
3.3.3 Boom lower
3.3.4 Arm out
3.3.5 Arm In (with regeneration)
3.3.6 Arm In (without regeneration)
3.3.7 Bucket in
3.3.8 Bucket out
3.3.9 Swing left
3.3.10 Swing right
3.3.11 Forward travel (high speed)
3.3.12 Backward travel (low speed)
3.3.13 Straight travel
Item Unit 920D/922D 923D/925D

Double Variable Axial Double Variable Axial
1 Main pump type
Piston Pump Piston Pump
2 Main pump displacement cc 108 115
3 Main pump total flow L/min 2×215 2×230
4 Relief pressure, main MPa 31.8 32.2
5 Relief pressure, boost MPa 33.3 34.6
6 Swing Circuit pressure MPa 25.5 25.5
7 Travel circuit Pressure MPa 31.8 31.8
8 Boom Head/Rod Relief Pressure MPa 36.3/36.3 36.6/36.6
9 Arm Head/Rod Relief Pressure MPa 37.2/37.2 36.6/37.2
10 Bucket Head/Rod Relief Pressure MPa 35.3/36.3 36.6/37.2
11 Option Relief Pressure Mpa 19.6 19.6
12 Pilot pump type Gear pump Gear pump

13 Pilot pump displacement cc 10 10
14 Pilot pump flow L/min 20 20
15 Pilot pressure MPa 3.9 3.9
boom cylinder (Bore×rod×Stroke -
16 mm 120×85×1187-1794 φ125×φ90×1350×1950
Min. Installation Dimension )
arm cylinder (Bore×rod×Stroke -
17 mm 135×95×1450-2063 φ140×φ105×1610×2235
bucket cylinder (Bore×rod×Stroke -
18 mm 120×85×1058-1593 φ130×φ90×1075×1665
19 hydraulic oil (tank/system) L 230/330 230/330
20 Swing motor gear oil L 3.4 4.4
21 Drive motor gear oil L 5.5*2 5.5*2
§ 3.2 Drive diagram of hydraulic system
驱动控制油操纵
Drive
柴油机先导泵先导阀司机
Control oil Control
Engine Pilot Pilot valve Driver
pump
控制油 Control oil
驱动工作油工作油
Drive Work oil
工作泵主控阀 Work oil 马达
Work Main valve Motor
pump
工作油实现
Work oil Carry out
实现
Carry out
工作装置工作油缸旋转、行走
Implement work Cylinder Swing 、 Trave
l
3.3 Hydraulic system schematic
3
3.3.1 Negative Flow Control System
3.3.2 Boom
BOOM RAISE
Raise
3.3.3BOOMBoom
LOWER
Lower
ARM OUT
3.3.4 Arm Out
ARM IN
3.3.5 Arm In (With Regeneration)
WITH REGENERATION
3.3.6 Arm In (Without Regeneration)
ARM IN
WITHOUT REGENERATION
3.3.7BUCKET
BucketIN In
3.3.8 Bucket
BUCKET OUTOut
M
3.3.9 Swing Left
SWING LEFT
3.3.10SwingSWINGRight
RIGHT
3.3.11 ForwardFORWARD
Travel (High Speed)
TRAVLE(HIGH SPEED)
3.3.12 Backward Travel (Low Speed)
BACKWARD TRAVLE(LOW SPEED)
3.3.13 Straight Travel
STRAIGHT TRAVLE
Table of contents
 1 Hydraulic basic knowledge

 4. The introduction of hydraulic pipe line
 5 Pressure test and adjust
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
4.1 Main pump piping 923D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅲ)
Case Drain
hose Pressure
Working hose sensor
Solenoid Proportional
Reducing Valve
Oil inlet tube
Sensor for hydraulic

oil temperature
Models ：
4.2 Swing Motor Piping

920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
922D(Ⅲ)
Working hose
Make up oil
inlet
Swing pressure
test point
Port for
lubricating oil Case Drain hose
Swing Oil dipstick

relief valve
Models ：
4.2 Swing Motor Piping 923D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅲ)
Make up oil
Case Drain hose inlet
Port for
Swing lubricating oil
relief valve
Oil dipstick
Swing pressure
test point
Working hose
Models ：
4.3 Pilot hydraulic pipe line 922D(Ⅲ)
(Pilot valve block)
Accumulator
Pilot relief
valve
Pressure sensor
Pilot pressure
test point
Pilot filter
Models ：
4.3 Pilot hydraulic pipe line 920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、

923D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅱ) 、
(Pilot valve block) 925D(Ⅲ)
Accumulator
Pilot pressure
test point
Pressure sensor
Pilot filter
Table of contents
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
5.1 System pressure test 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
Port P1 、 P2 pressure test:(pressure test ports a1 、 a2

P2 P1 a2 a1
dimension:G1/4)
1 、 Remove the plug a1/a2 in the illustration with a spanner

and connects with a pressure testing joint and a pressure
gauge(with a range of 0~70MPa);
2 、 Start engine, Slowly operate the excavator to raise the

hydraulic oil temperature to 50±5℃;then read the data from the
gauge;
3 、 Remove pressure gauge and pressure testing joint.Tighten

the plugs to a torque of 16Nm.
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
5.2 System pressure adjust 925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
1 、 Start the engine, increase it‘s rotating speed slowly to full speed ；
2 、 Set the excavator monitor to the function of cheking the left and right pump pressure;
3 、 Turn on the pilot cutoff lever, operate the work implements to let the hydraulic oil temperature
raises to 50±5℃, then operate the boom up or arm to extreme position to make the main relief
valve open. At the moment the pressure value should be 31.8~32.8MPa, then press the burst
button located on the right joystick, the pressure value should be 33.3~34.3MPa ；
4 、 If the pressure values are not in the arrange above, we need to adjust them as following
procedure:
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、
5.2 System pressure adjust 925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
(1) Loose locknut number 3 with open-end wrench(30mm);
(2) Press the burst button located on the right joystick ， turn number 4 slightly inwards or
outwards slowly with inner hexagon spanner(6mm) and check the pressure value in the
monitor.Stop turning number 4 when the pressure value reaches to 33.3-34.3MPa, then tighten
number 3 ， loose the burst button located on the right joystick ;
(3) Loose locknut number 5 with open-end wrench(22mm) in anticlockwise direction.Turn number 4
inwards or outwards slowly with hexagon spanner(6mm) and check the pressure value in the
monitor. Stop turning number 4 and tighten number 5 when the pressure value reaches to
31.8~32.8MPa.
主安全阀
Main relief valve
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
5.3 Pilot pressure test 923D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅲ)
Pilot pressure test and adjust:(pressure test port a3

dimension:G1/4)
1 、 Remove the plug a3 （ number466 ） in the

illustration with a pressure testing joint and a spanner and
connects with a pressure gauge(with a range of 0~6MPa);

hydraulic oil temperature to 50±5℃;
3 、 Set the engine speed to full speed , check the

pressure gauge, the value should be between
3.9~4.1MPa.
The port of pilot pressure test a3

Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
5.3 Pilot pressure test 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅲ)
1 、 Remove the plug number 2 or 4 in the illustration by hand

and connects with a pressure gauge(with a range of 0~6MPa);

hydraulic oil temperature to 50±5℃;
3 、 Set the engine speed to full speed, check the pressure

gauge,the value should be between 3.9~4.1MPa.
Models ：
920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、
5.4 Pilot pressure adjust 923D(Ⅱ) 、 925D(Ⅱ) 、

925D(Ⅲ)
If the Pilot pressure pressure value is incorrect, adjust

it as following procedure:
(1) 、 Loose locknut 312 with open-end wrench(22mm)as

shown in the illustration. Tighten screw 311 by inner
hexagon spanner(6mm). The pressure will increase when
rotate in clockwise direction and decrease when rotate in
anticlockwise direction. Tighten locknut 312 when the
pressure value reaches to 3.9~4.1MPa. After that,
pressure adjustment is finished.
(2) 、 Remove pressure gauge and pressure testing joint.

Tighten the plug to a torque of 16Nm.
Pilot pressure
adjust bolt
Model ：
5.4 Pilot pressure adjust

922D(Ⅲ)
If the Pilot pressure pressure value is incorrect, adjust

it as following procedure:
Pilot relief valve
(1) 、 Loose locknut that installed on the pilot relief valve
as shown in the illustration. The pressure will increase
when rotate in clockwise direction and decrease when
rotate in anticlockwise direction. Tighten locknut 312 when
the pressure value reaches to 3.9~4.1MPa. After that,
pressure adjustment is finished.
(2) 、 Remove pressure gauge and pressure testing joint.

Tighten the plug to a torque of 16Nm.
Table of contents
 6Troubleshooting
6.1 Hydraulic components works slowly
Cause Solutions
1 Low oil level Add oil to oil tank to the full mark
2 Cold oil Run the engine to preheat hydraulic system
3 Wrong hydraulic oil Use the correct oil
4 Slow engine speed Solve the problem of low engine speed
5 Pilot oil loops Check the pilot circuit
6 Worn pump Replace or repair worn parts
7 Restricted pump suction pipe Check pump suction pipe

6.2 Hydraulic oil over hot
Cause Solutions
1 Wrong hydraulic oil Use the correct oil
2 Low oil level Add oil to oil tank to the full mark
4 Clogged radiator or oil cooler Clean or rearrange the radiator fins
5 Oil cooler bypasses Check one-way valve of the oil return
6 Relief valve Check and adjust the relief valve
7 Unclean oil Add oil after draining oil

Improper adjustment for the hydraulic Proper adjustment for the hydraulic
8
components components
6.3 Low pressure or no oil pres-sure
Cause Solutions
1 Wrong oil Use the correct oil
Improper adjustment for the Proper adjustment for the

2
hydraulic components hydraulic components
3 No oil in the hydraulic system Add the correct oil
4 Worn cylinder Replace or repair worn parts
Check and adjust the relief

5 Relief valve
valve
6.4 Cylinder can work but can not lift load
Cause Solutions
and adjust the main relief valve

2 Low pressure of main relief valve
pressure
3 Low oil level Add oil
4 Clogged the filter Clean the filter and the system
5 Pump suction pipeline leaks Check suction pipeline

6.5 One control lever does not work
Cause Solutions
Low pressure of the oil port relief and adjust the oil port relief valve
1
valve pressure
2 Tube or hose damaged Repair or replace
3 Hydraulic components loosen Tighten
O-ring is damaged when
4 Replace a new O-ring
assembled
Repair or replace worn parts of
5 Pilot valve
pilot valve
6 Pilot lines Repair or replace
6.6 One cylinder does not work
Cause Solutions
control valve damaged or polluted by Replace and repair worn parts of
1
dust control valve or cleaning it
2 Tube or hose damaged Repair or replace
3 Hydraulic components loosen Tighten
O-ring of hydraulic components

4 Replace a new O-ring
damaged
Replace and repair worn parts of
5 Pilot valve
hand pilot valve or clean it
6 Pilot pipeline failure Repair or replace

6.7 One travel motor does not work
Cause Solutions
1 Travel motor trouble
travel motor or clean it
Check for internal leakage
2 Center swivel joint trouble
of center swivel joint
3 Do not set free brake pedal Replace and repair brake
Repair or replace worn parts of

4 Travel pilot valve
travel pilot valve or clean it
5 Pilot circuit Repair or replace

6.8 Can not swing
Cause Solutions
Replace and repair swing brake

1 Swing brake release valve
release valve

2 Swing motor
swing motor

3 Pilot valve
hand pilot valve or clean it
Thank you !
Questions?

Hydraulic System

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Hydraulic system

 1. Hydraulic basic knowledge

2.The introduction of hydraulic components

 3. Hydraulic system of excavator

4.The introduction of hydraulic pipe line

5.Pressure test and adjust

1. Pressure on a confined liquid will

4.Conservation of energy F ＝ p×A v ＝ q÷A

Intersect lines with small dots represent connected lines.

Intersecting lines with small circular offset, represent lines or

Hydraulic system consist of 4 parts:

Hydraulic pump: Converts the

Implement components: Convert the

Control components: Valves. Generally,

Auxiliary components: Hydraulic tank,

One-way, fixed Two-way, fixed One-way, variable

One-way valve Shuttle Valve Flow Control Valve Variable Flow

Relief valve Pressure reducing Solenoid valve Shut-off valve

One-way, fixed Two-way, fixed Two-way, variable

Hydraulic Reservoir Cooler Filter Accumulator

Please contact LiuGong Headquarters for

 1. Hydraulic basic knowledge

2. The introduction of hydraulic components

 3. Hydraulic system of excavator

4. The introduction of hydraulic pipe line

 5. Pressure test and adjust

Main pump Main control valve Swing Motor&Reducer

2.1 Main pump

Item unit 920D/922D 923D/925D

2.1 Main pump (shape)

Oil outlet Right pump

The adjust bolt of

Regulator for Regulator

Cover plate Compensation Piston

Piston sleeve O-ring

Cylinder body Valve block Circlip

Adjustment rod Spool

Adjustment valve body Pin

Shaft sleeve Pump body Ring

Drive shaft Connecting rod

Bearing Bearing Cover

2.1 Main pump

Item unit 920D/922D 923D/925D

Implement circuits Mpa 25.5 25.5

2.2 Main control valve (Shape) 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

Port relief valve for arm spool

Lock valve for

1st arm spool 1st boom spool

2nd boom spool Port relief valve for

Swing spool Port relief valve for

Main relief valve Lock valve for

Straight travel valve

2.2 Main control valve (Shape) 922D(Ⅲ) 、 923D(Ⅱ) 、

LCb1 LCk LCa2

B Load Hold Check Valve A

P oil from pump

Main relief valve Left travel

2.2 Main control valve 920D(Ⅱ) 、 922D(Ⅱ) 、

2.1 Main pump

The swing motor&reducer consists of a hydraulic motor and a re

2.3 Swing motor & reduction gear 920D(Ⅱ)

Time-delay valve for

Swing reduction gear