I.

The Colonies w/in the Empire

• A. Mercantilism-
Closed Economic
System? Why did the
powers of Europe
seek Empire?
– Based on two
assumptions.
– Bullionism
l
 I.Colonies w/in Empire
• B. Navigation Laws:
For the good of the
Empire?
– Board of Trade by
1696.
– Privy Council
– First Acts 1650: Hat
Act, Iron Act, Woolen
Cloth, Currency, Gin,
Molasses Act 1733
 I. The Colonies w/in Empire
• C. Colonies Thrived
w/in system?
– Agricultural
Commodities
– Shipbuilding: Critical to
British Power
– Trade-Triangular and
otherwise
– Colonial Cities
– Ben Franklin: Paid
Lobbyist
 II. The Great War for Empire
(AKAThe French & Indian War)
A. 1754-1763: Why did it
start?
-Early: Braddock
-William Pitt
-Treat of Paris 1763
B. British Victory changes
everything
-Doubled the size of the
British Debt!
-Doubled British
Territory
 French and Indian War Images
• Albany Plan of Union

• Plains of Abraham
 III. Changes in the Empire
• A. British change
view on how to run
Colonial America to a
more Rational
Approach to Empire.
-Early Br.-Col. Conflicts
1. Experience during war
causes enmity
2. Writs of Assistance
3. Proclamation of 1763
 IV. New Imperial Policy
• British believed that
colonies should help to
pay off the debt from
the war that mostly
benefitted the
American Colonies.
Colonists should also
pay for their own
defense.
• Lord Grenville’s
Dilemma?
 IV. New Imperial Policy
• Problem?

• Sugar Act 1764

Reaction?

• Stamp Act 1765

Reaction?
 Reaction to Stamp Act
• Constitutionally
“No Taxation without
Representation”
Did the Colonists want
representation in
Parliament??
• Forceful Resistance
Sam Adams
Sons of Liberty
Stamp Act Congress
Boycott
Reaction to the Stamp Act
 Stamp Act Repealed
British still need revenue
• Declaratory Act
• Why?
• Lesson for the Colonists?
• Townshend Duties-Why did the British
government think the colonists would react
differently?
• Colonial Reaction
– Letters From A Farmer In Pennsylvania
– John Dickinson
 Townshend Duties Failure
Difference in concept of
Representstion

Virtual Representation vs.

Deputy Representation

Small Duty/Tax on Tea Colonial Resistance

Remains Contiues
Tar and Feathering
 Differring Points of View

American Colonists British Government

• Admiralty Courts
• Troops quartered in NY
• Suspension of NY
Assembly
• Taxation
• John Wilkes
• Troops moved to Boston
in 1768
• Lessons learned
 Boston 1770

Situation in Boston
Impact of Troops
Impact of Unemployment
HMS Romney seizes Liberty
Christopher Seider’s Murder
The Boston Massacre (March
5,1770)
Boston Massacre Reality??
The Gaspee Incident
(1772)

Providence, RI coast
 Committees
of Correspondence

Purpose  warn neighboring colonies

about incidents with Br.

 broaden the resistance

movement.
 Tea Act (1773)
8 British East India Co.:
 Monopoly on Br. tea
imports.
 Many members of
Parl. held shares.
 Permitted the Co. to
sell tea directly to
cols. without col.
middlemen
(cheaper tea!)
8 North expected the
cols. to eagerly choose
the cheaper tea.
Boston Tea Party (1773)
 The Coercive or
Intolerable
Acts1.(1774)
Port Bill

2. Government Act

3. New Quartering
Act
Lord North
4. Administration of
Justice Act
The Quebec Act (1774)
Boston Canonaded
What is happening in this
Cartoon? Quarter it.
 First Continental
Congress (1774)
55 delegates from 12 colonies

Agenda  How to
respond to the
Coercive Acts &
the Quebec Act?

1 vote per colony

represented.
 The British Are
Coming . . .

Paul Revere & William Dawes make their

midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of
approaching British soldiers.
The Shot Heard ’Round the
World!

Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775

The Second Continental
Congress
(1775)

Olive Branch Petition

Thomas Paine: Common
Sense
 Declaration of
Independence (1776)
Declaration of
Independence
Independence Hall
 New
National
Symbols