Mathematics of Ancient India and

Contribution of Mathematicians

Presented by: Balaji Mukkawar and Shravni Kare.

College Name: JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering.
Branch : Computer Science And Business System
Origin of mathematics
• Sanskrit is a main source of premodern mathematical text.
• All the knowledge of Indian Philosophers is in the form of shlokas and songs.
• Definition Of Math In Ancient India.

• Origin of ‘Ganit’ from the word ‘Gnana’.

• That Subject improves The Talents Like Logic power , Good Memory , Mental
Arithmatic and many more things.
Evidences:
• Counting in Yajurveda.
po Name po Name
101 Dash 107 Abudh
102 Shat 108 Nyanbudh
103 Sahasra 109 Prabudh
104 Ayut 1010 Samudra
105 Niyut 1011 Anth
106 Prayut 1012 Prarthna
• Use of Trigonometry.
• Gwalior Vishnu Temple.
Book of sulabhasutra
• Basic information of geometry (rectangles and Circles).
• It gives the approximate value of pie and root 2.
• It also gives area and perimeter of circles.
• Proper construction of circle and rectangle.
 Contribution of
Mathematicians….
 Pingala(300 BCE)
• Binary system was developed by Pingala 2300 yrs. ago.
• ‘Chandasutram’ is a book written by Pingala.
• ‘Laghu’ and ‘Guru’ are the two basic syllables of Sanskrit.
• For his research he took an ‘Astakam’ from ‘Adi Shankaracharya Book’.
• The pattern seen by Pingala is called as Bhujangaprayatam (LGG LGG LGG LGG).
•
Pingala (300 BCE)
His contributions are found in the binary sequences, conversion of binary to decimal system and vice versa.

• For 1 letter For 2 letters For 3 letters

Pingala (300 BCE)
For 4 letters
 Aryabhata (476–550 CE)
• Square of a number:
• Aryabhata identifies the geometric aspect and the mathematical operation of the square in
his definition.
• As per the definition varga is a square and is also a geometric object whose sides are equal.
Sum of series of squares:
• Aryabhata designated summation of squares as varga-citighanah.
• Beside verse provides the summation of the series of squares.
Bhaskar Acharya (1114-1185 CE)
• Bhaskar chary Is Also Known As Bhaskar -2 .
• He is the one of the Supreme algebraist in 12th century.
• Bijaganita and Lilavati are main books of him.
• He provides Information About
Discovery of pie
• Right from the Vedic period Indians are aware that ratio of area of circle to its perimeter
is a constant value and can be approximated.
• In the early Indian works value of pie is taken as 3.
• In ‘Sulabhasutras’ it is approximated to 3.088.
• In some Jain works it is approximated as square root of 10.
• In early 20th century Ramanujan gave the infinite series for pie which was later used in
1980’s to approximate pie upto 17.5 million places.
Discovery of pie
1)Aryabhata:
Aryabhatbhatiyam discusses pie in the besides verse.

2)Bhaskaracarya: Bhaskaracarya in his work Lilavati (verse199) derives the value of pie
using a different approach and arrives at the same value. According to this
Discovery of pie
3)Madhava:

• Madhava discovered several infinite series for pie. Some are shown in the image.
• Apart from giving an exact infinite series for pie he also gave a technique finding
approximations for pie using suitable end correction terms in the series.
• In this way Madhava estimated the value of pie accurate upto 11 decimal places.

(3.14159265359)
Ancient Mathematician
Why we choose this topic?
Thank you….