DEIXIS AND DISTANCES

BY.AI NIA N
WHAT DEIXIS MEANS,,,,?

 Deixis comes from the Greek "Deiktikos" which means "direct

appointment" a word is said to be deixis if the reference is moved or
changed, depending on the time and place where the word was spoken
(Nadar: 2000: 54)
and for the sentence is not clear
 Deixis berasal dari bahasa Yunani "Deiktikos" yang berarti "penunjukan
langsung" sebuah kata dikatakan deixis jika rujukan dipindahkan atau
diubah, tergantung pada waktu dan tempat di mana kata itu diucapkan
(Nadar: 2000:
 Example :
 I love her
 Today I have to work
 No smoking here
 TYPES OF DEIXIS :

Deixis

Person Spatial Temporal

To indicate To indicate To indicate

people location time
• .
1.PERSON/PERSONA DEIXIS

Persona deixis relates to the role of participants involved in language events, this deixis is
usually in the form of personal pronouns, first person pronouns, second person, and third person.
Deiksis persona berkaitan dengan peran peserta yang terlibat dalam acara bahasa, deiksis ini biasanya
berupa kata ganti orang, kata ganti orang pertama, orang kedua, dan orang ketiga.
 First person pronouns : I/me we/us
 Second person pronoun : You (Singular) You (Plural)
 Third person pronoun : He/him,She/her,they/them.

Example :

If I santi, and I say "I went to the bookstore yesterday" and we can change the sentence to
“Santi went to the bookstore yesterday"
2.SPATIAL DEIXIS

Place deixis concerns the encoding of spatial locations relative to the locations of the
participants . Place deixis menyangkut pengkodean lokasi spasial relatif, dengan lokasi peserta.

Example :

 Sit with me here

 Put your book there (Example on the table)
I will meet you there
3.TEMPORAL DEIXIS

WHAT ARE TEMPORAL DEIXIS?Temporal comes from the Latin word temporalis
whichmeans "of time"The expressions which are used to point to a time are called temporal deixIS.
APA ITU DEIXIS TEMPORAL? UTemporal berasal dari kata Latin temporalis yangberarti
"waktu"Ekspresi yang digunakan untuk menunjuk ke suatu waktudisebut temporal deixIS.
Example :

 Pay today, free tomorrow

 Back in an hour. (Back in an hour)
 Free orange juice
WHAT IS MEANT BY DISTANCE ,,,? DOES IT HAVE SOMETHING TO
DO WITH DEIXIS ,,,?

To find out the actual distance, there are two explanatory factors, namely :
Untuk mengetahui jarak sebenarnya terdapat dua faktor penjelas yaitu:
 Proximal (Close from speaker) This,Here,Now
 Distal (Away from speakers) That,There

Some types of examples from the distance:

 Psychological distance
 Distance and Tenses
 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTANCE

 Physically close objects will tend to be treated by the speaker as psychologically close.
 Objek yang dekat secara fisik akan cenderung diperlakukan oleh pembicara sebagai objek yang
dekat secara psikologis.
 Physically distant objects will tend to be treated by the speakers as pshchologically distant.
 Benda yang jauh secara fisik akan cenderung diperlakukan oleh penutur sebagai jarak secara
psikologis
E.g : “The man over there” pria itu di sana
 Mark something that physically close as psychologically distant
 Tandai sesuatu yang dekat secara fisik sebagai jarak psikologis
E.g : “ I don’t like this perfume” (After sniffing a parfume)
 DISTANCE AND TENSES

Proximal VS. Distal

Dekat dan jauh

Past tense (Then) Present tense (Now) Future tense (Then)

“In 2009,I was in “I will tell you “you are busy..?
Australia then” everything now” I will see you tomorrow then”

“Contrast to “now” the distal expression “then”applies to both past and future time relative to the
speaker’s present time” (Yule ,G.1996:14) Berbeda dengan “now", ekspresi distal “then" berlaku untuk
waktu lampau dan masa depan relatif terhadap waktu pembicara saat ini "(Yule, G.1996: 14)