This document provides an overview of the scope and nature of managerial economics. It discusses how managerial economics combines microeconomic principles and quantitative methods to help managers make optimal decisions. The goals are to operate at minimum cost while achieving maximum returns. It also defines economics as the study of how individuals and societies make choices given scarce resources. Key topics covered include demand analysis, costs, market structures, and the macroeconomic environment. Decision making involves establishing objectives, defining problems, identifying options, selecting solutions, and implementing a strategic plan.
This document provides an overview of the scope and nature of managerial economics. It discusses how managerial economics combines microeconomic principles and quantitative methods to help managers make optimal decisions. The goals are to operate at minimum cost while achieving maximum returns. It also defines economics as the study of how individuals and societies make choices given scarce resources. Key topics covered include demand analysis, costs, market structures, and the macroeconomic environment. Decision making involves establishing objectives, defining problems, identifying options, selecting solutions, and implementing a strategic plan.
This document provides an overview of the scope and nature of managerial economics. It discusses how managerial economics combines microeconomic principles and quantitative methods to help managers make optimal decisions. The goals are to operate at minimum cost while achieving maximum returns. It also defines economics as the study of how individuals and societies make choices given scarce resources. Key topics covered include demand analysis, costs, market structures, and the macroeconomic environment. Decision making involves establishing objectives, defining problems, identifying options, selecting solutions, and implementing a strategic plan.
This document provides an overview of the scope and nature of managerial economics. It discusses how managerial economics combines microeconomic principles and quantitative methods to help managers make optimal decisions. The goals are to operate at minimum cost while achieving maximum returns. It also defines economics as the study of how individuals and societies make choices given scarce resources. Key topics covered include demand analysis, costs, market structures, and the macroeconomic environment. Decision making involves establishing objectives, defining problems, identifying options, selecting solutions, and implementing a strategic plan.
SCOPE & NATURE OF MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS The primary objective of this course is:
To learn the basic Economics and its application in
decision making in the business environment. To understand the principles of Economics To learn the demand analysis and various cost aspects To learn market structures To learn about profits, profit process and relationship to cost. To learn the macroeconomic environment MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS DEFINITIONS •Managerial economics is the synthesis of microeconomic theory and quantitative methods (mathematics and statistics) to find optimal solutions to managerial decision-making problems.
•Thus, in managerial economics, we combine microeconomics
principles, with managerial practices in order to provide a logical framework for management, or rather policy making as well as solve economic problems.
•The ultimate goal is that as managers, we should make very
effective decisions and operate at a barest minimum cost while yielding maximum or optimal returns. THE MEANING, NATURE AND SCOPE OF ECONOMICS. DEFINITION OF ECONOMICS.
• Economics is the study of how individuals and societies
make choices, subject to given constraints or limitations that human beings face in their everyday life.
• Or, the study of how individuals and societies chose to utilize
scarce resources to satisfy their unlimited wants.
• From the above definitions, we can easily deduce that the
central economic problem for society is how to reconcile the conflict between people’s unlimited desires for goods and services, and the scarcity of resources (such as labor, machinery, and raw materials) with which these goods and services can be produced. SCOPE OF ECONOMICS
• Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices
enable society to solve the problems of what, how and for who to produce. Thus in answering the three fundamental questions above, economics explains how scarce resources are allocated between competing needs of society. • The “What” refers to the physical goods such as steel, cars, and strawberries. Services include activities such as live theatre performances. • The “How” refers to the most efficient possible way to produce these goods because you want to minimize the cost of producing these goods while at the same time maximizing the benefits or outputs. • “For who” refers to the end consumer. E.g., it is more prudent to make or produce education material in a University or college setting, fertilizer in a rural setting, etc. THE CONCEPT OF SCARCITY & CHOICE IN ECONOMICS • In Economics, Scarcity simply means demand is more than supply, or wants are more than resources. Thus, scarcity is a relative term. • To address the problem of scarcity therefore, society must make choices. Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices enable society to solve the problems of scarcity and choice. In other words, economics explains how scarce resources are allocated between competing needs of society by answering the three basic questions namely; “What”, “How” and “For who”? • The “What” refers to the physical goods such as steel, cars, and strawberries. Services include activities such as live theatre performances. • The “How” refers to the most efficient possible way to produce these goods because you want to minimize the cost of producing these goods while at the same time maximizing the benefits or outputs. • “For who” refers to the end consumer. E.g, it is more prudent to make or produce education material in a University or college setting, fertilizer in a rural setting, etc. PROBLEM OF CHOICE UNLIMITED WANTS LIMITED RESOURCES
HOW TO PRODUCE FOR WHO TO PRODUCE MUCH TO PRODUCE DECISION MAKING Decision making process involves the following: i.Establishing the objectives, i.e. What is it that you want to achieve as a business entity?
i.Defining the problem, i.e. What problems are you facing? Is
it high production costs? Quality of your product? marketing? Less revenue? ii.Options, i.e. Given your problem, what options do you have available? iii.Solutions iv.Implementation (Strategic Plan), i.e. Content of your plan, and how you want to monitor and evaluate it.