WEEK 1

MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

The
QQ
UU Quantum
AA
RR
TT
Mechanical
EE
RR
Model
22
Rowena G. Sales
Grade 9 Science Teacher
Tanza National Trade School

SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK 1
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Learning Objectives

At the end of the discussion, learners will:

Infer how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the
QQ energies and positions of the electrons.
UU
AA FOCUS:
RR
TT  Timeline of the Atomic Models
 Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
EE  Assigning Quantum Numbers
RR  Electron Configuration
22  Pauli Exclusion Principle
 Aufbau Principle

SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Concept1review: Atomic Structure
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Atomic Structure
Question:

The smallest unit of ordinary matter that

QQ forms a chemical element
UU
AA
RR Answer:
TT
EE ATOM
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Concept1review: Atomic Structure
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Atomic Structure
Question:

A positively charge subatomic particle

QQ with a symbol of “p” of “p+”
UU
AA
RR Answer:
TT
EE PROTON
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Concept1review: Atomic Structure
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Atomic Structure
Question:

A subatomic particle with a symbol of

QQ “n” or “n0” which has a neutral (neither
UU positive nor negative) charge
AA
RR Answer:
TT
EE NEUTRON
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Concept1review: Atomic Structure
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Atomic Structure
Question:

A negatively charge subatomic particle

QQ with a symbol of “e” of “e-”
UU
AA
RR Answer:
TT
EE ELECTRON
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

Photo credits to: https://www.slideshare.net/napatsakon/timeline-of-atomic-models WEEK 1

SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22
1808 1897 1911 1913 1932

https://issuu.com/daennagonzalez/docs/atomic_models_timeline WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

DEMOCRITUS(400 BC)
QQ  An Ancient Greek pre-Socratic
UU philosopher
AA  Known for his formulation of an atomic
RR theory of the universe
TT  Around 400 B.C.E., he introduced the idea
EE of the atom as the basic building block
RR matter.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

JOHN DALTON (1808)

QQ  Created the first atomic model.
UU  Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all
AA matter was composed of atoms, indivisible
RR and indestructible building blocks. While
TT all atoms of an element were identical,
EE different elements had atoms of differing
RR size and mass.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

JOHN DALTON(1808)
QQ  Known for his Solid Sphere or Billiard
UU Ball Model
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON(1897)

QQ  Thomson's experiments with cathode ray
UU tubes paved way to the discovery of
AA negatively charged subatomic particle or
RR ELECTRON
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON(1897)

QQ  Thomson proposed the Plum Pudding
UU model of the atom
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

ERNEST RUTHERFORD(1911)
QQ  A physicist who envisioned the atom as a
UU miniature solar system, with electrons
AA orbiting around a massive nucleus, and as
RR mostly empty space.
TT  Discovered the NUCLEUS, which
EE occupies only a very small part of the
RR atom.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

ERNEST RUTHERFORD(1911)
QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22
Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment led to the discovery of the NUCLEUS.
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

NEILS BOHR (1913)

QQ  Bohr Atomic Model
UU  Proposed his quantized shell model of the atom
AA to explain how electrons can have stable orbits
RR around the nucleus
TT  The energy of an electron depends on the size of
EE the orbit and is lower for smaller orbits.
RR  Radiation can occur only when the electron
jumps from one orbit to another.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

ERWIN SCHRODINGER (1926)

QQ  an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model
UU one step further.
AA  Schrödinger used mathematical equations to
RR describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a
TT certain position.
EE  Developed an “Electron Cloud Model”
RR consisted of a dense nucleus surrounded by a
cloud of electrons at various levels in orbitals.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22 Schrödinger proposed the atomic model known as the Quantum
Mechanical Model of the atom.

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Quantum Mechanical Model

In the Bohr’s model, the

electron was assumed to move
QQ in circular orbits. In the wave
UU mechanical model, on the other
AA hand, Schrodinger introduced a
RR mathematical description of the
electron’s motion called a wave
TT
function or atomic orbital.
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Timeline of Atomic Models
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Timeline of Atomic Model

JAMES CHADWICK (1932)

QQ  Chadwick’s experiment on beryllium atoms with
UU alpha particles led to the discovery of particles
AA with a neutral electrical charge known as the
RR NEUTRON
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Quantum Numbers and Orbitals

Four (4) quantum numbers:

QQ  the principal quantum number (n)
UU  the orbital angular momentum quantum number (l)
AA  the magnetic quantum number (ml), and
RR  the electron spin quantum number (ms)
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Quantum Numbers and Orbitals

In atoms, there are a total of four (4) quantum numbers:

I. Principal quantum number (n), describes the size and energy of the orbital
QQ and relative distance from the nucleus. The possible values of n are positive
UU integers (1, 2, 3, 4 and so on). The smaller the value of n, the lower the energy,
AA and the closer to the orbital is to the nucleus.
RR
TT II. Orbital angular momentum quantum number (l), describes the shape of the
EE orbitals. Its value is related to the principle quantum number and has allowed
RR value of 0 to (n-1). For example, if n = 4, then the possible values of “l” would
be 0, 1, 2, and 3 (= 4-1).
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Principal Quantum Numbers (n)

N
M

QQ L
Energy level
UU K or shells
AA s sp spd spdf
nucleus
RR
TT n= 1
EE Energy levels/ shells
n= 2 subshells
RR 1, 2, 3, 4 or K, L, M, N
22 n= 3
Subshells or orbitals
n= 4 s, p, d, f
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Orbital Angular Momentum Quantum Numbers (l)

Values of (l)

In s sublevel, the value of l = 0

QQ In p sublevel, the value of l = 1
UU In d sublevel, the value of l = 2
AA In f sublevel, the value of l = 3
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Relationship of n and l

l ≤ n -1
QQ
UU n= 1 l= ? l= 0 s
AA
RR n= 2 l= ? l= 0, 1 s, p
TT n= 3 l= ? l= 0, 1, 2 s, p, d
EE
RR n= 4 l= ? l= 0, 1, 2, 3 s, p, d, f
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Sample solution in solving for the values of n and l:

3d l n= ? n= 3 s value of l is
QQ
l= ? l= 2 always 0
UU
AA p value of l is
RR n
TT always 1
EE
RR d value of l is
22 always 2

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Sample solution in solving for the values of n and l:

4f l n= ? n= 4 s value of l is
QQ
UU always 0
l= ? l= 3
AA
RR p value of l is
TT n always 1
EE
RR f value of l is d value of l is
22 always 3 always 2
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Quantum Numbers and Orbitals

III. Magnetic quantum number (ml), describes the orientation of the orbital sound
around the nucleus. The possible values of ml depends upon the value of the l
quantum number. The allowed values for ml are –l, though 0 to +l. For example, for
QQ l = 3, the possible values of ml would be -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3. This is why, for
UU example if l = 1 (a p-orbital), there are three p-orbitals (sublevels) corresponding to
AA ml values of -1, 0, +1.
RR
TT IV. Spin quantum number (ms), indicates the direction where the electron is
EE spinning. There are only two possible values for ms: +1/2 and -1/2. When two
RR electrons are to occupy the same orbital, then one must have an ms = +1/2 and the
other electron must have an
22 ms = -1/2. These are spin paired electrons.

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Magnetic Quantum Numbers (ml)

 Describes the orbital (a region in space which the probability of finding an
electron is very high).
 Every orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
Lesson: Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Relationship of l and ml
The value of ml is between –l and l

QQ l= 0 (s) ml= ? ml= 0

UU
AA l= 1 (p) ml= ? ml= -1, 0, 1
RR
TT l= 2 (d) ml= ? ml= -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
EE
RR
22 l= 3 (f) ml= ? ml= -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Sample solution in finding for the value of l and ml:

1s n=? l= ? ml= ?
QQ
UU n=1 l= 0 ml= 0
AA
RR
TT 2p n=? l=? ml= ?
EE n=2 l=1 ml= -1, 0 1
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Sample solution in finding for the vale of l and ml:

3d n=? l= ? ml= ?
QQ
UU n=3 l= 2 ml= -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
AA
RR
TT 4f n=? l=? ml= ?
EE n=4 l=3 ml= -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Spin Quantum Numbers (ms)

QQ
ms=?
UU ms= +1/2
AA
RR
TT
+1/2 -1/2 ms= ?
EE
RR ms= -1/2
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Spin Quantum Numbers (ms)

3d6 n=? n=3

QQ l= ? l=2
UU
AA ml=? ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ml= -2
RR -2 -1 0 1 2
TT
EE
RR ms=? ms= - 1/2
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Find the value of the following Quantum Numbers:

QQ n=? n=1
UU
AA l= ? l= 0
RR
TT ml= ? ml= 0
EE
RR ms=? ms= + 1/2
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Orbital Shapes

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Quick Guide to Quantum Numbers and Orbitals

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Assigning Quantum Numbers

To assign the four quantum numbers for an electron, let’s have an example:

Question 1: If n = 7, what are the possible values of l ?

QQ
UU Answer: Since l can be zero or a positive integer less than (n-1), it can have a value
AA of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
RR
TT
EE Question 2: If n = 3 and l = 2, then what are the possible values of ml?
RR
Answer: Since ml must range from -l to +l , then ml can be: -2, -1, 0, 1, 2.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Assigning Quantum Numbers

Question 3: List all the possible combinations of all four quantum numbers
when n = 2, l = 1, and ml = 0.

QQ Answer: The fourth quantum number is independent of the first three, allowing the
UU first three quantum numbers of two electrons to be the same. Since the spin can be
AA +1/2 or =1/2, there are two combinations:
RR n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = +1/2 and
TT n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0 ms = -1/2
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Electron Configuration

QQ
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry,
UU
the electron configuration is the
AA distribution of electrons of an atom or
RR molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

The Pauli Exclusion Principle and Aufbau Principle

Quantum Mechanics may be used to determine the arrangement of the electrons
within an atom if two specific principles are applied:
Pauli Exclusion Principle and Aufbau Principle.
QQ
UU Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the
AA same set of the four quantum numbers.
RR
TT For example, if an electron has the following set of quantum numbers: n = 1, l = 0,
EE ml = 0 ms = +1/2, then no other electron in that atom may have the same set. The
RR Pauli exclusion principle limits all orbitals to only two electrons.
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Pauli Exclusion Principle
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Aufbau Principle
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Aufbau Principle
Describes the order in which the electrons enter the different orbitals and sublevels.
The arrangement of electrons builds up from the lowest energy level. The most
stable arrangement of electrons has all the electrons with the lowest possible
QQ energy.
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22
*Principle that states that electrons occupy orbitals of lowest energy
first
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements
Electron configuration refers to the distribution of electrons at different positions
in an atom.
QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements

Write the electron

QQ configuration of
Hydrogen (H).
UU
AA 1
RR H =1 𝑠
TT Write the electron
EE configuration of Helium
RR (He).

22 2
He =1 𝑠
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements

Write the electron

QQ configuration of Lithium
(Li).
UU
AA 2 1
RR Li=1 𝑠 2 𝑠
TT Write the electron
EE configuration of
RR Beryllium (Be).

22 2 2
Be=1 𝑠 2 𝑠
WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements

Write the electron

QQ configuration of Boron
(B).
UU
AA 2 2 1
RR B=1 𝑠 2 𝑠 2𝑝
TT Write the electron
EE configuration of Oxygen
RR (O).
22 O=1 𝑠2 2 𝑠 2 2 𝑝 4

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements

Write the electron

QQ configuration of Neon
(Ne).
UU
AA 2 2 6
RR Ne=1 𝑠 2 𝑠 2 𝑝
TT Write the electron
EE configuration of Silicon
RR (Si).
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements

Write the electron

QQ configuration of Iron
(Fe).
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Writing Electron Configuration using the Periodic Table of

Elements
Write the electron
configuration of
Ununoctium (Uuo).
QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Electron Configuration and Aufbau Principle

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Electron Configuration and Aufbau Principle

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter
WEEK
Lesson: 1Electron configuration
MELC 6: Explain how the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom describes the energies and positions of
electrons.

Other Examples of Electron Configuration using Orbital

Diagram

QQ
UU
AA
RR
TT
EE
RR
22

WEEK 1
SCIENCE 9 Matter