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Lecture5 - PA, Exercise, Fitness, and PA Domains - BB
Lecture5 - PA, Exercise, Fitness, and PA Domains - BB
Physical
Activity
Exercise Lifestyle
Physical Activity
Total Energy Expenditure
Variable
Total Energy Expenditure Activity
Physical Activity
Activities of
Daily Living
Thermic
Effect of Food
Basal
Metabolic
Rate
Energy Balance
Energy Energy
Intake Expenditure
Definition of Physical Fitness
“ability to perform muscular work
satisfactorily” (World Health Organization)
Performance-related fitness
Ability to perform competitive sports,
military maneuvers or occupational work
Health-related fitness (Bouchard, Shephard,
Stephens 1994)
Health-related Fitness (Table 3.4)
Morphological (fatness, bone mass, flexibility)
Muscular (strength, power, endurance)
Motor (agility, balance, coordination, speed of
movement)
Metabolic (glucose tolerance, blood lipids, lipid
oxidation)
Cardiorespiratory (maximal and submaximal aerobic
capacity, cardiac function, pulmonary function,
blood pressure) Bouchard et al. 1994
Key Definitions
The ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and
alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample
energy to enjoy leisure time pursuits and meet
unforeseen emergencies
Determined by a combination of regular PA and
Physical fitness
genetically inherited ability
Aerobic capacity (cardiorespiratory fitness)
Muscular strength and endurance
Flexibility
Body composition
The ability of the circulatory and respiratory
systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles
Cardiorespiratory during sustained physical activity.
fitness Non-modifiable: age, gender, genotype
Modifiable: PA, smoking, obesity, medical
condition
PA Characteristics
Four parameters to consider
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
12
PA Intensity
AbsoluteIntensity
kcal/min
Miles per hour
METs
Metabolic Equivalents (METs)
Introduced in 1936 by D.B. Dill
1 MET = 3.5 ml/kg/min
Resting energy expenditure
Moderate intensity: ≥3 but <6 METs (Guidelines)
Vigorous intensity: ≥6 METs (Guidelines)
MET-minutes = MET*minutes
Interpret 4 METs
PA Intensity
Relative intensity expressed as:
% of aerobic power (VO2max)
% of maximal heart rate or heart rate reserve
(max HR – rest HR)
% of exercise capacity in METs
Moderate: 40-59%; Vigorous: 60-84%
Rating of perceived exertion (RPE): Borg Scale
of 6-20
Borg Scale of 6-20
Relative Intensity Calculation
Individual’s VO2max measured or estimated
Relative Intensity Calculation
Individual’s VO2max measured or estimated
Maximal
100
Very hard
80
Hard
60
Moderate
40
Light
20
Very light
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Sleep
19%
Household
27%
Leisure
5%
Transportation
24%
Occupational
25%
Tudor-Locke et al.
2010
60
Light
(2.0 to 2.9 METS)
50
% Total Private US Jobs
40
Sedentary
30 (<2 METS)
Moderate
20 (≥3.0 METS)
10
0
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
140 daily calories
60 45
40 19
20 1
0
US Census
Bureau:
FactFinder
• Analysis of the American Heritage Time
Use Study, 1965-2010
• American Heritage Time Use Study
(AHTUS) is a time-use diary
12.9%
3 hour
2.6
hour
23 min
14 min
Archer et al. PLoS One, 2013;8(2): e56620.
Adult Physical Activity
Any Questions?