Lesson 1- what is

PhiLosophy?
A murderer is sentenced
into death. He has to
choose between three
rooms. The first room is
full of furious flame. The
second is full of murderers
with loaded guns. And
there are lions in the third
room who had not been
fed for years. Which room
is the safest?
* How are you doing this pandemic?
* Have you asked your self, “Why am I
feeling this way ?” (cause)
* How can I overcome it? (process)
* How it will affect my life and the people
around me (consequence)?

3
 WHAT QUESTIONS
ABOUT YOUR LIFE ARE
YOU STRUGGLING TO
FIND ANSWERS TO?
 5

ACTIVITY
Read and analyze the following conversation between a high school teacher
and her student in class.

Teacher: Juan, what would you like to be when you grow up?

Juan: Ma’am, I want to be happy!

Teacher: Juan, you did not understand my question.

Juan: Ma’am, you do not understand what life is all about!

 6

1. Do you think that Juan’s answer was appropriate for his

teacher’s question?

2. What do you think was Juan’s interpretation of his

teacher’s question?

3. Based on his responses, what kind of student do you

imagine Juan to be?

4. If you were Juan’s teacher, how would you respond to him?

5. How is philosophy related to this situation?

PHILOSOPHY: Defined
* Philosophy, our subject matter for this
course, is really all about questions
and answers. And since by now you
already asked and answered
hundreds of questions your life
experienced already prepared you to
take our philosophical journey
starting now.
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Three questions are the
primary
questions of philosophy.

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 Nature and
functions of
phiLosophy

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 phiLosoph
* y
from a combination of two Greek words,
which are 'Philo' and 'Sophia'. 'Philo'
means 'love' and ‘Sophia' means 'wisdom’
* it means 'love of wisdom', 'pursuit of
knowledge and
truth', 'systematic investigation’
* Uses reaso to investigate the
human n
causes, reasons, and principles which
ultimate
govern all
things.

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 PHILOSOPHY
❑ consideredis…
as the “mother of all
sciences”
❑ is a way of life
❑ it is a science
❑ is a persistent quest for knowledge
and truth

1
 Origin of PhiLosophy
* Greece is the birthplace of philosophy
in the
West.
* Thales is the Father of Philosophy in
the
Western civilization.
* Thales was the first individual who
tried to reduce the multiplicity in to a
unity;
between everything is related to
religion and each
Religion
other.
philosophy.
on faith philosophy rests rests
on .
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 PhiLosophicaL Activity
Philosophical activity is characterized
by three
things:
* Philosophy involves the widest
generalizations
* Philosophy is all about fundamentals. -
foundation A fundamental is the root
cause that explains
almost everything in a1 given context.
 Branches of PhiLosophy
Provide Philosophy Concerned with
description of the standard of
being & the good
knowing
Cognitive Normative
Branches Branches

Metaphysi Epistemolo Ethic Aesthetic

cs Logigy s Politic s
c s
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Branches of PhiLosophy

* To answer “Where am I””

Metaphysics- deals with questions
regarding
reality and existence.

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Branches of PhiLosophy

* To answer “How do I know

it?” Epistemology- study of the
nature and means of human
knowledge.
Logic- science and art of correct
thinking and
reasoning

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Branches of PhiLosophy
* To answer “What should I
do?”
Ethics or Morality- deals with human
actions whether good or bad, right or
wrong, acceptable or unacceptable,
justifiable or unjustifiable.
Aesthetics- deals with the nature of
art/
objective judgment of beauty
Politics- deals with the principles of a
1
 Branches of PhiLosophy
Provide Philosophy Concerned with
description of the standard of
being & the good
knowing
Cognitive Normative
Branches Branches

Metaphysi Epistemolo Ethic Aesthetic

cs Logigy s Politic s
c s
2
* PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON-
area in philosophy that understands the
human person from a philosophical
perspective.

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 PracticaL uses of PhiLosophy
1. For critical analysis and interpretation of
concepts,
definitions, arguments and problems
2.Improves problem- solving and decision –
making
3. Develop clean and adequate articulation of
ideas
4. Wisdom- application of knowledge/ sound
choices
and judgments 2