Welcome To Our Presentation

Presentation Topics:

 Basic concept on Growth and Development

 Freud’s Psycho-sexual Development
 Erikson’s Psycho-social Development
Introduction:
Group – 2 :

Group Member :
1.Jenan kowsar Jenius (ASH2219003M)
2. Arpita Patwary (BKH2219024F)
3. Rashik An Nur (ASM2219026M)
4. Parimol Chandra Das ( MUH2219046M)
5.Antik Sharma (MUH2219049M)

Directed To:
Owaliur Rahman Akanda

Assistant Professor
Department of Education
Noakhali Science and Technology University
Concept Of Growth And Development:
 Growth:
 Physical growth refers to an increase in body size (length or height and
weight) and in the size of organs.

 From birth to about age 1 or 2 years, children grow rapidly

 During the preschool and school years, growth in height and weight is
steady. Children tend to grow a similar amount each year until the next
major growth spurt occurs in early adolescence.
 Length in children who are too young to stand is measured while children lie on their
back on a suitable device, such as a measuring table (called a stadiometer).

 Height in children who can stand is measured using a vertical measuring scale.

 Normal-term newborns typically lose 5 to 8% of their birth weight during the first few
days of life. They regain this weight by the end of the first 2 weeks .
There are various definitions of periods in a child's development, since
each period is a continuum with individual differences regarding start
and ending. Some age-related development periods and examples of
defined intervals are:
 newborn (ages 0–4 weeks);
 infant (ages 4 weeks – 1 year);
 toddler (ages 1–3 years);
 preschooler (ages 3–6 years);
 school-aged child (ages 6–11 years);
1. Newborn Stage
The newborn stage is the first stage of Childhood development and lasts from birth to two weeks of age.
During this stage, babies are entirely dependent on their caregivers for survival and have limited
abilities. They can only communicate through crying and other reflexes.

2. Infant Stage
The infant stage is the first stage of a baby’s life, which typically lasts from birth to 12 months. During
this stage, babies experience rapid growth and development in various areas, including physical,
cognitive, social, and emotional.

3. Toddler Stage
The toddler stage starts at 12 months of age and lasts until 36 months of age following the infant stage.
During this stage, toddlers become more independent and curious about their environment. They learn
through play and exploration and develop more advanced language skills.
4. Preschool Stage
The preschool stage begins at 3 years of age and lasts until 5 years of age following the
toddler stage. During this stage, children continue to develop their physical, cognitive, and
social-emotional skills. They learn to follow rules, interact with peers, and engage in more
complex play activities.

5. School-Age Stage
The school-age stage is the stage of development that follows the preschool stage, typically
lasting from 6 to 12 years old. During this stage, children experience significant changes in
their physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development
1.Trust vs Mistrust : The next time the child is hungry, they will cry in the hopes that the mother will hear the cry
and feed the child again. If the mother succeeds in fulfilling the child's needs, trust will grow stronger. If the mother
fails to feed the child, their hopes will be dashed and mistrust may start to for

2. Autonomy vs Shame and doubt : According to Erikson, autonomy vs. shame and doubt is the stage in which
a child learns to be independent and make their own decisions in life. Parents are encouraged to promote their
child's autonomy, particularly during this stage. However, it's important to remember that shame is part of the
human experience.

3. Initiative vs guilt : If the child is placed in an environment where he/she can explore, make decisions, and
initiate activities, they have achieved initiative. On the other hand, if the child is put in an environment where
initiation is repressed through criticism and control, he/she will develop a sense of guilt.

4. Industry vs inferiority : Industry is referred to as being productive upon receiving an evaluation of one's work.
In some literature, industry may also be referred to as competence. Inferiority means that an individual becomes
discouraged, feels inferior, or incompetent upon receiving an evaluation of one's work.
5. Identity vs role confusion : Definition. As articulated by Erik Erikson, Identity versus Role Confusion is the
fifth of eight stages of psychosocial development that take place between the ages of 12 and 19. During this stage
adolescents need to develop a sense of self and personal identity.

6. Intimacy vs isolation : Intimacy is the ability to be able to open up romantically and emotionally to those
closest to the individual. Those with intimacy have strong relationships with others. Isolation is the inability to
form close relationships.

7. Generativity vs stagnation : The distinction between generativity and stagnation is that while generativity
refers to an individual making their impression and achieving goals related to their stage of adulthood, stagnation
refers to a lack of ambitions and a tendency to become stuck in one place

8. Ego integrity vs despair : Ego integrity versus despair is the eighth and final stage of Erik Erikson's stage
theory of psychosocial development. This stage begins at approximately age 65 and ends at death. It is during this
time that we contemplate our accomplishments and can develop integrity if we see ourselves as leading a
successful life.
Thank You
Everyone