MODULE 1

CHAPTER1
Analyzing the Meaning and Relevance of Historical Sources
to the History of the Filipino People
By: Vanessa Mae T. Mariano, MSPsy
 SECTION 1
DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY SOURCES

• INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Differentiate primary and secondary sources of historical
records.
2. Identify possible repositories of primary sources.
Primary – firsthand coming
directly from the original
source. Like a person,
publication or objects that
gives information.

Secondary- coming from

created using an original
source. A second hand
information that not original
or taken from someone or
something else.
 PRIMARY SOURCES

• Are considered as contemporary accounts of an event,

personally written or narrated by an individual who
directly experienced or participated in the said events.
• Are mostly include unpublished work of an individual
discovered after some time.
 LIST OF PRIMARY SOURCES
• EYEWITNESS TESTIMONIES MEMOIRS
• PHOTOGRAPHS JOURNALS
• VOICE AND VIDEO RECORDINGS SPEECHES
• DIARIES INTERVIEWS
• JOURNAL ENTRIES OFFICIAL RECORDS
• LETTERS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
 SECONDARY SOURCES
Serves as an interpretation of readings of primary sources. Usually,, the
author of a piece incorporates his or her personal insights and
interpretations, thus detaching the original value of the component of the
subject being discussed.
These sources usually contain analyses of primary sources by experts,
academicians, and professionals.
 EXAMPLE OF SECONDARY SOURCES
• journal articles that comment on or analyze research.
• textbooks.
• dictionaries and encyclopedias.
• books that interpret, and analyse.
• political commentary.
• biographies.
• dissertations.
• newspaper editorial/opinion pieces.
 How to evaluate primary and secondary
sources.
• The following questions were used to evaluate primary
and secondary sources.
1. How did the author know about the given details? Was
the author present at the event? How soon was the
author able to gather the details of the event.
2. Where did the information come from? Is it
personal experience, and eyewitness account, or a
report made by another person?
3. Did the author conclude based on a single source
on many sources of evidence.