Group 3

Types of
Research
Research 1 Quarter 2 – M3
Objectives
01 Application Perspective

02 Objectives Perspective

03 Enquiry Mode
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
APPLICATION objectives ENQUIRY MODE

PURE (BASIC) DESCRIPTIVE QUANTIVATIVE

RESEARCH RESEARCH RESEARCH

APPLIED QUALITATIVE
EXPLORATORY
RESEARCH RESEARCH
RESEARCH

CORRELATIONAL
RESEARCH

EXPLANATORY
RESEARCH

ACTION
RESEARCH
01
Application
Perspective
 02
Applied
Perspective
Pure(Basic)
Examples of pure research include: Research!

 Focuses on Developing a sampling technique that

fundamental
can be applied to a particular
situation.
principles and
theories. Developing methodology to assess the
validity of a procedure.

 Aims to expand Developing an instrument, say, to

knowledge without measure the stress level in people.

immediate practical Finding the best way of measuring

application. people's attitudes.
 02
Applied
Perspective
Applied
Applied research may investigate ways to: Research!

 Addresses specific,  Improves agricultural productions

and practical  Treat or cure a specific disease

problems.
 Improve the energy efficiency at
homes, offices or mode of
 Aims to produce transportations
solutions applicable
to real-world
situations.
02
Objectives Perspectiv
  Case study / Observational
01 Research
Objectives
Perspective
Descriptive
DESCRIPTIVE research may investigate ways to: Research!

 Seeks to describe  What is the best way to provide

characteristics or
access to computer equipment in
schools?
behaviors.
 Do students hold favorable attitudes
toward online class?
 Provides a
comprehensive  What have been the reactions of

overview of a
school administrators
to technological
phenomenon. innovations in teaching?
  Case study / Observational
02 Research / Survey
Case Study /
Observational
Research
Case
Study Observational Survey
Is a detailed, in-depth Systematic and research A method of collecting
analysis of a person, structured data through structured
group, event, or observation of behavior questionnaires or
situation. or events. Directly interviews from a sample
observes subjects in of individuals.
• Provides a holistic their natural
understanding. environment. •Utilizes standardized
questions for
• In-depth examination •Minimizes interference consistency.
of context and factors. to maintain natural
behavior. •Can be conducted
• Often involves through various mediums
multiple data sources (online, telephone,
(interviews, documents, •Can be participant or
in-person).
observations). non-participant
observation.
  Case study / Observational
03 Research / Survey
Case Study /
Observational
Research
Case
Study Applications:
Observational
Applications: Survey
Applications: • Widely used in research • Widely used in social
• Common in anthropology, psychology,
sciences, marketing, and
psychology, medicine, public opinion research.
and sociology. • Efficient for studying
and social sciences. • Provides insights large populations.
• Useful for into behaviors,interac-
exploring complex tions, and social Advantages:
phenomena. dynamics.
• Efficient data
Advantages: collection from a large
Advantages: sample.
•Rich, detailed
• Standardization
insights. •Captures natural allows for comparability.
•Allows for the behaviors. Challenges:
exploration of rare or •Provides real-time • Limited depth of
unique cases. information compared to
data. qualitative methods.
Challenges: Challenges: • Potential for
•Limited •Observer bias may response bias or
generalizability. impact results. inaccuracies.
•Potential for •Limited control
researcher bias. over variables.
 04
Objectives
Perspective
Correlational
CORRELATIONAL research may study about: Research!

Examines  What is the impact of an advertising

campaign on the sale of a product? What
relationships is the relationship between technology

between variables.
and unemployment?

 What is the relationship between

stressful living and the incidence of
Identifies patterns heart attack?
and associations  What is the relationship between
without causation. fertility and mortality?

 What is the effect of a health service on

the control of a disease or the home
environment on educational achievement?
 05
Objectives
Perspective
Explanatory
EXPLANATORY research may investigate ways to: Research!

 Focuses on  Why stressful living results in

understanding
heart attacks?

relationships and  Why a decline in mortality is

causality. followed by fertility decline?

 How the home environment affects

 Often follows children’s level of academic
exploratory
achievement?

research to provide
deeper insights.
 06
Objectives
Perspective
Exploratory
Example scenario: Research!
 For example, consider a scenario
where a juice bar owner feels that
 Aims to explore a the variety of juices will enable
topic when little or increase in customers however he is
sure and needs more information. The
some parts of a owner intends to carry out an
topic isn't fully exploratory research to find out and
explored yet. hence decides to do an exploratory
research to find out if expanding
their juices selection will enable
 Useful in the early him to get more customers of if
there is a better idea
stages of research
to generate
hypotheses.
 07
Objectives
Perspective
Action
Example scenario: Research!
 For example, consider a scenario
 Action Research. where a juice bar owner feels
This type of that the variety of juices will
enable increase in customers
research studies an however he is sure and needs
ongoing practice of more information. The owner
intends to carry out an
a school, exploratory research to find out
organization, and hence decides to do an
community or
exploratory research to find out
if expanding their juices
institutions for the selection will enable him to get
purpose of obtaining more customers of if there is a
better idea
results that will
bring improvements
in the system.
03
ENQUIRY
MODE
 01 Quantitative:
Enquiry Emphasizes numerical data and statistical
Mode analysis.

Utilizes surveys, experiments, and statistical

tools.

EXAMPLES:

 A Quantitative Study of the Impact of Social Media

Reviews on Brand Perception

 A Quantitative Study of Teacher Perceptions of

Professional Learning Communities' Context,
Process, and Content

 How may the sugarcane bagasse effective on being

bio adsorbent agent on treating water
contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons?
 02 Qualitative:
Enquiry Emphasizes understanding human
Mode behavior and experiences.

In-depth exploration using interviews,

observations, or content analysis.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
Inductive Deductive

Subjective Objective

Word Form Focus on Numbers

Case Studies, Content Statistical Analysis

Analysis
Probing Counting
 03 Qualitative research can be further classified in the
Enquiry following type;
Mode
Phenomenology a form of research in which
the researcher attempts to understand how
one or more individuals experience a
phenomenon.
Example: We might interview 20 victims
of cyber bullying.

Ethnography this type of research focuses

on describing the culture of a group of
people. A culture is the shared attributes,
values, norms, practices, language, and
material things of a group of people
Example: The researcher might decide to
go and live with the tribe in Andaman island
and study the culture and the educational
practices.
 03 Qualitative research can be further classified in the
Enquiry following type;
Mode
Case study is a form of qualitative
research that is focused on providing a
detailed account of one or more cases.
Example: We may study a classroom
that was given a new curricular for
technology use.

Historical research it allows one to

discuss past and present events in the
context of the present condition and
allows one to reflect and provide
possible answers to current issues and
problems,
Example: The lending pattern of
business in the 19th century
THANK U FOR
LISTENING!!

- GROUP 3