Psycho-Socio Foundation of Education

Temperament
Prepared by:

LOU J.GABITAN
NORA LYNN A. MAHINAY
Prof. YLRAH D. SALOR
 TEMPERAMENT

A. Emotion and Its Effect to Learner

B. Theories of Emotion
C. Importance of Emotion
D. Methods of Eradicating Undesirable Emotion
Behavior
E. Means of Indirect Adjustment to Frustration
 TEMPERAMENT

 which refers to certain emotional

predispositions of an individual.
 is a contextual and biological trait that
influences how an individual interacts
with the environment.
Experiences affect our emotions to varying
degrees thereby rendering our emotional
state pleasant or unpleasant.
 EMOTION AND ITS EFFECT TO
LEARNERS

DEFINATION

 Emotion is stirred – up state or

disorganized behavior caused by a
situation with the individual cannot
cope with. This is caused by increased
or restricted glandular activity.
 Emotions
Emotions are strong, relatively uncontrolled feelings that
affect our behavior.

Emotions Can be triggered by our environment or by

internal processes such as imagery

Emotions are accompanied by physiological changes.

We interpret emotions based on cognitive thoughts

emotions (specific feelings) behavior, and affective
Like/dislike) responses.
 EFFECTS
 Emotion are inherently linked to influence
cognitive skills such as attention, memory,
executive, function decision –making, critical
thinking, problem-solving and regulation, all
of which play a key role in learning.
 They can have a positive or negative impact
on one’s attention, motivation, learning
strategies and ability to self-regulate
learning.
 Feelings Bodily arousal
Subjective experience Bodily preparation for action
Phenomenological awareness Physiological activation
Cognitive interpretation Motor responses

EMOTION
A distinct pattern of neural
activity

Sense of propose
Impulse to action Social – expressive
Goal-directed motivational Social communication
state Facial expression
Function aspect to coping Vocal expression
THEORIES
OF
EMOTIONS
 THEORIES OF EMOTION

William James Carl Henrik Lange Walter Cannon

1. James-Lange 2. Cannon-Bard
Theory Theory
 THEORIES OF EMOTION

Jerome Singer
4. Lazarus
3. Schachter-Singer Theory
Theory
 SUMMARY: Theories of Emotion
Theory Explanation of Emotions Example

Our awareness of our specific bodily response to emotion –

arousing stimuli. We observe our heart racing after
James - Lange a threat and then feel afraid.
EVENT --- AROUSAL --- INTERPREATATION ---
EMOTION

Bodily response + simultaneous subjective experience.

Our heart races as we experience
Cannon - Bard EVENT --- AROUSAL fear.
--- EMOTION

Schachter - Two factors: General arousal + a conscious cognitive label. Arousal could be labeled as fear
or excitement, depending on
Singer EVENT --- AROUSAL --- REASONING --- EMOTION context.

Appraisal (“Is it dangerous or not?”) – sometimes without our

awareness - defines emotion.
Lazarus --- EMOTION
The sound is “just the wind.”
EVENT --- --- AROUSAL
THOUGHT
 IMPORTANCE OF
EMOTIONS
1. Generally, emotion shapes up the personality of a
person.
2. Emotion either makes us strong to do action or
prevents us from doing any action during
emergencies.
3. Emotion enables us to cope with conflicts and
emergencies.
4. Emotion dominates our lives.
 METHODS OF ERADICATING
UNDESIRABLE EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR

 Disuse
 Frequent application of the stimulus
 Ridicule or scorn
 Social Imitation
 Verbal Appeal
 Reconditioning
 MEANS OF INDIRECT ADJUSTMENT
TO FRUSTRATION
ADJUSTMENT
- Process by which living organism maintain
a balance between it’s need and the circumstances.
- Continual Process by which a person varies
his behavior to produce a more harmonious
relationship between himself and environment.
- Psychological survival in much the same
way as biologist use the term adaptation to
describe physiological survival.
FRUSTRATION
In psychology, frustration is a common
emotional response to opposition, related to anger,
annoyance arises from the perceived resistance to
the fulfillment of an individual’s will of goal.
 MEANS OF INDIRECT ADJUSTMENT TO
FRUSTRATION
 SUBLIMATION OR SUBSTITUTION
Is an indirect but socially acceptable
expression of emotion or drive.
When we transform our negative emotions or
instincts, mainly, to acceptable behavior and
positive actions.
 For example, a person experiencing extreme
anger might take up kickboxing as a means of
venting frustration.
 COMPENSATION AND
OVERCOMPENSATION
 Compensation is a socially acceptable means of
adjustment to make up for deficiency or
inferiority, physical or otherwise.

 Overcompensation is an extreme form of

compensation less rational and often anti-social.
 FANTASY OR INTROVERSION
Act of imagining success and satisfaction

 RATIONALIZATION
Act of giving some socially acceptable
reasons for one’s frustration.
 SIMULATION OF PHYSICAL AILMENTS
- Hysteria
- Neurasthenia

 NOMADISM
Act of wandering aimlessly

 REGRESSION
Act of submerging into the subconscious
state or forgetting.
 DELUSIONS
Strong beliefs in things opposite to
reality.

 ESCAPE THROUGH ALCOHOL AND

DRUGS
Act of excessive drinking of liquor and
taking of prohibited drugs to forget or ease up
frustration.
“Never make a permanent
decision based on a
temporary emotion.”
- ANONYMOUS -
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