BUILDING

TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM
WMSU Molate, Faye Kathlyn D.
Monterola, Vinamia
Obille, Everette Drake
Ramos, Jose Emmanuel

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 FUNDAMENTALS OF
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• Telecommunication – it is the transmission of
information over significant distances to
communicate.

• Telecommunication system – is a collection of nodes

and links to enable telecommunication.

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A basic telecommunication system consists of three
primary units that are always present in some form

• A transmitter that takes information and converts

it to a signal.
• A transmission medium, also called a physical
channel that carries the signal.
• A receiver that takes the signal from the channel
and converts it back into usable information.

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 What is a Network?

 Collection of computers and devices

connected via communications devices
and transmission media
 Networks can be classified by the
geographical area they cover

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 TYPES
OF
NETWORK
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1. Local Area Network (LAN)

 A group of computers and other devices

dispersed over a relatively limited area
connected by a communication link that
enables each device to interact with any
other device on the network.
 It can pass data to one and all as well as
can share resources.
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2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

 A data network intended to serve an area

approximately that of a large city.
 Such networks are being implemented by
techniques like running a fibre cables
through subway tunnels and satellites

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3. Wide Area Network

 Networks that cover large geographic area

using many types of media
 Internet is world’s largest WAN
 Can be a collection of LANs or WANs or
the mix of two

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 TYPES OF
TRANSMISSION
MEDIA
WMSU

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 TWO TYPES OF TRANSMISSION
MEDIA
1. Guided Media – referred to as Wired or Bounded
transmission media. Signals being transmitted are
directed and confined in a narrow pathway by using
physical links.
2. Unguided Media – referred to as Wireless or
Unbounded transmission media. No physical
medium is required for the transmission of
electromagnetic signals.

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3 TYPES OF GUIDED MEDIA

1. Twisted Pair Cable – Twisted pair is a widely

used medium in networking because it's lighter,
cheaper, more flexible, easy to install, and
provides greater speeds than coaxial cables.
There are two types of twisted pair cables: the
unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and the shielded
twisted pair (STP).

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2 TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR CABLE

1. Unshielded Twisted
Pair Cable – has 4 pairs
of copper wires that are
present inside a plastic
sheath. These wires are
twisted to protect them
from interference. The
only protection available
for a UTP cable is a plastic
sheath that is thin in size.
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2 TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR CABLE

2. Shielded Twisted Pair

Cable – widely used in
high-speed networks. he
major difference between
UTP and shielded twisted
pair is that STP makes
use of a metallic shield to
wrap the wires. This
metallic shield prevents
interference to a better
extent than UTP. 19
3 TYPES OF GUIDED MEDIA

2. Coaxial Cable – The

coaxial cables have a
central copper conductor,
surrounded by an
insulating layer, a
conducting shield, and
the outermost plastic
sheath. Thus, there are
three insulation layers for
the inner copper cable.
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3 TYPES OF GUIDED MEDIA

3. Optical Fibers Cable – use

light waves for transmission.
These cables are well-suited for
voice, data, and video
transmissions. Optical fibers are
the most secure of all the cable
media. Fiber optic cables have
greater transmission speed, high
bandwidth, and the signal can
travel longer distances when
compared to coaxial and twisted
pair cables. 21
3 TYPES OF UNGUIDED MEDIA

1. Radio Waves – These are easy to generate

and can penetrate through buildings. The sending
and receiving antennas need not be aligned.

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3 TYPES OF UNGUIDED MEDIA
2. Microwave Transmission – It is a line-of-sight
transmission i.e., the sending and receiving
antennas need to be properly aligned with each
other. The distance covered by the signal is
directly proportional to the height of the antenna.

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3 TYPES OF UNGUIDED MEDIA

3. Infrared – used for very

short distance
communication. They
cannot penetrate through
obstacles. This prevents
interference between
systems.

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TWO TYPES OF TRANSMISSION
MEDIA

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 Renewable
Power
System

WMSU
JOSE EMMANUEL B. RAMOS
BSGE 4
What is Renewable Energy?

- is energy produced from sources like the sun and wind

that are naturally replenished and do not run out.

Renewable energy can be used for electricity generation,

space and water heating and cooling, and transportation.

TYPES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
• Solar energy.
• Wind energy.
• Hydro energy.
• Tidal energy.
• Geothermal energy.
• Biomass energy.
SOLAR ENERGY
- is the radiation from the Sun capable of
producing heat, causing chemical reactions, or
generating electricity.
SOLAR ENERGY
SOLAR CELL or PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL
• is an electronic device that converts the
energy of light directly into electricity by the
photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and
chemical phenomenon.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
SOLAR ENERGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Reduces Electricity Bills Weather Dependent

Diverse Application Solar Energy Storage is Expensive

Low Maintenance Cost Uses a Lot of Space

Technology Development Associated with Pollution

Wind Energy
• the process by which the wind is used to
generate mechanical power or electricity.
TYPES OF WIND TURBINES
HORIZONTAL-AXIS TURBINE VERTICAL-AXIS TURBINE

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
WIND ENERGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Low Maintenance Cost Production is Periodical

Doesn’t need too much space Causes Visual and Noise Pollution
Hydro Energy
• a form of energy that harnesses the power
of water in motion such as water flowing
over a waterfall to generate electricity.
Hydro Energy
Ways Hydro Energy Generates Electricity
• Impoundment
• Diversion
• Pumped Storage Hydropower
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
HYDRO ENERGY

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Low Maintenance Cost Production is Periodical

Doesn’t need too much space Causes Visual and Noise Pollution
Tidal Energy
• a form of power produced by the natural
rise and fall of tides caused by the
gravitational interaction between Earth, the
sun, and the moon.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
TIDAL ENERGY

ADVANTAGES
It does not pollute the environment
Has longer lifespan than the other
renewable energy generator
DISADVANTAGES
Finding a suitable coastal region is
challenging
Energy production is unpredictable

The efficiency of tidal power is much

higher than other It can destroy marine ecosystem
Tidal Energy
Geothermal Energy
• a natural resource and form of energy
conversion in which heat energy from
within Earth is captured and harnessed for
cooking, bathing, space heating, electrical
power generation, and other uses.
Geothermal Energy
 Standards,
devices,
equipment and
space
requirements for a
structured cabling
WMSU and wireless
systems
What is a Structured Cabling System?
-A structured cabling system is a standardized system that
consists of smaller elements called subsystems. The need
for this kind of cabling is immensely increasing since it
provides flexibility and high performance.

What are some of the main structured cabling

standards?
-The two main structured cabling standards are
ANSI/TIA-568 and ISO/IEC 11801. However, ISO/IEC
is the international standard for cabling and is followed
across the globe.
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The ANSI/TIA-568:
• The TIA &EIA published the first version of the Commercial
Buildings Telecommunications Cabling System under the
guidance of the TIA TR-41 Group and other associated
subcommittees. The version was called ANSI/TIA/EIA-568,
sometimes known as TIA/EIA-568.

The ISO/IEC 11801:

• The ISO/IEC is an international standard for structured cabling and
networking systems and is followed across the globe.
• Any commercial building should follow the general standard for
network cabling and installation. Section 11801 deals with these
general standards which cover the following things:
⚬ Data
⚬ Voice and video services for cabling
⚬ Specifications for copper cabling
⚬ Fiber-optic cabling specifications 3
 What Makes a Structured Cabling System?
• A structured cabling system comprises
three elements: patch panels, switches, and
trunks. The entire data infrastructure of the
system works on these elements.

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Space requirements for a structured cabling
and wireless systems

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Horizontal Cabling
•Horizontal cabling, as specified by ANSI/TIA-568-
C.1, is the cabling that extends from horizontal
cross-connect, intermediate cross-connect, or main
cross-connect to the work area and terminates in
telecommunications outlets (information outlets or
wall plates).

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Backbone Cabling
•Backbone cabling is necessary to connect
entrance facilities, equipment rooms, and
telecommunications rooms and enclosures.
•Backbone cabling includes:
⚬Cabling between equipment rooms and
building entrance facilities
⚬In a campus environment, cabling
between buildings’ entrance facilities
⚬Vertical connections between floors

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Work Area
• The work area is where the horizontal cable
terminates at the wall outlet, also called the
telecommunications outlet. In the work area, the users
and telecommunications equipment connect to the
structured-cabling infrastructure.

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 Telecommunications room and
Telecommunications enclosures

• The telecommunications rooms (along with equipment

rooms, often referred to as wiring closets) and
telecommunications enclosures are the location within a
building where cabling components such as cross-
connects, and patch panels are located. These rooms or
enclosures are where the horizontal structured cabling
originates.

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Entrance Facility
• The entrance facility (building entrance) as defined by
ANSI/TIA-568-C.1 specifies the point in the building
where cabling interfaces with the outside world. All
external cabling (campus backbone, inter-building,
antennae pathways, and telecommunications provider)
should enter the building and terminate in a single point.

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Equipment Room
•Equipment room is a subsystem of structured cabling
defined by ANSI/TIA-568-C.1 is the equipment room,
which is a centralized space specified to house more
sophisticated equipment than the entrance facility or the
telecommunications rooms. Often, telephone equipment or
data networking equipment such as routers, switches, and
hubs are located there.

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