EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

POLLUTION
Review of the 5 class
th
General objective:
 At the end of teaching session, Students will be able to explain
about ‘Effect of Environmental pollution’ and role player in
environmental health
Specific objectives:
 At the end of teaching session, Students will be able
to:
 explain about ozone layer depletion
 explain about nuclear accidents
 state about toxic hazards
 describe the role of individual in environment health
 describe the role of government in environment

health
 describe the role of non government in environment

health
OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
 Ozone is a pale blue, highly poisonous gas
with a strong odor.
 It is considered as a pollutant at ground level

but the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere

protects life on earth from the sun harmful UV
radiation.
 World ozone day-sep.16
Ozone layer depletion contd…
 The atmosphere consists of 5 layers named
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, ionosphere
and exosphere. The ozone is present in the
stratosphere which absorbs the UV radiation of the
sun.
Ozone layer contd…
 Ozone layer forms a protective covering
around the earth’s atmosphere.
 It prevent the UV rays from reaching our

atmosphere thus saving us from different skin

disease.
Causes of ozone layer depletion
 Chemicals as CFC(refrigeration, air conditioning,
liquid fuel producing plants )etc.
Causes contd…
 Nitrogen oxide produced by the air crafts, satellites,
industries, fertilizer plants, consumption of fossil
fuels etc.

 Burning of large forest and jet plane

Consequesces
 Change in environment

 Skin cancer

 Reduce the productivity of crops

 Destruction of aquatic life

 Eye problems
Effort to reduce ozone layer depletion
 First global conference on depletion of ozone layer
was held in Vienna(Austria)in 1995,that discovered
the hole.

 Produced montreal protocol in1987,which called for

a 50% cut in the use of CFCs by 1998 to the level of
1986 95% of CFCs are released by industrial
countries like USA
Effort to reduce ozone layer depletion
 Avoid the consumption of gases dangerous to the
ozone layer

 Minimize the use of old vehicles

Nuclear accidents
 An event that has led to significant consequences to
people, the environment or the facility.

 Examples include lethal effects to individuals, large

radioactivity release to the environment.
Serious nuclear power plant accidents:-
 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster(2011)

 Chernobyl disaster(1986)

 Three mile island accident(1979)

Effects of nuclear accidents or pollution
 Birth defect in nuclear contaminated area

 Marine organism-fish

 Skin diseases

 Cancer

 Eye disorder
control measures
 Away from the cities

 Proper disposal mechanisms

Toxic Hazards
 Toxic hazard can be defined as any substance which
has the ability to cause harm or damage to living
organism.

 Toxic agents may be classed as toxic industrial

chemicals or agent of chemical welfare.

 Toxic trauma is the result of acute exposure to

hazardous substances that cause life threatening
condition.
Effect of toxic hazards
 Cancer

 Respiratory irritation

 Birth defects

 Suppress immune system

Control Measures
 Ventilation

 Use of personal protective equipment

ROLE PLAYER IN
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
INDIVIDUAL

GOVERNMENT

NON GOVERNMENT
Environment health

 Environmental health comprises those aspects of the

health , including quality of life, that are determined
by physical, chemical, biological, social and
psychological factors in the environment.
Cont..
 It also refers to the theory and practice of assessing,
correcting, controlling and preventing those factors in
the environment that can potentially affect adversely
the health of present and future
generation(WHO1993).
 Role player in environmental
health
 Individual

 Develop respect to all form of life

 Afforestation programme
Cont…
 Reduce the use of paper and wood products where ever
possible-use recycled paper
Cont…
 Help in restoring a degraded area

 Minimize use of pesticides

 Reduce fossil fuel-coal, petrol etc

Cont…
 Shut the lights and fans when not needed-save
electricity

 Do not use aerosol spray product

Cont…
 Don’t pour chemicals and waste product in drain

 Minimize the use of plastics

Cont…..
 Set up compost bin in your garden

 Start community composting

Cont…
 Keep you and your place clean

 Raising awareness
Governmental organization

 Government of Nepal play an important

policy role and have the resources to plan
and implement sanitation in terms of
health, water environment and local and
national government.
Cont….
 Sanitation and water for all(SWA) Nepal
statement of commitment for 2014-2016

 Open defecation free area(Faecal sludge

management(FSM)(2015)

 Budget formulation for environmental

sanitation
Cont…
 Department of water supply and sewage
management(DWSSM) has started water
supply and sewage management project in all
77 districts by 2015

 Department of local infrastructure is

responsible for implementation of sanitation
project
Nepal government has also set different laws

 Environment protection Act,2076

 Environment protection Rules,2054

 Local government operation Act,2074

 2018 Draft Drinking-water and sanitation Bill

 Water supply management Board Act,2063

 School Sanitation

 Basic Sanitation package

 Community level total sanitation

 Sanitation revolving loan fund

Non Governmental organization

 Different NGO are working on the field of

environmental health

 1)Clean Energy Nepal (CEN)

 Location lalitpur, kathmandu

Cont…
 Ithelps to educate and aware people on issues
related to climate change, energy and other
environmental issues.

 Itwork for reducing air pollution and global

warming impacts to natural and human
system.
2)ECO-Nepal (Environmental and Child Concern
Organization-Nepal)

 It is one of the oldest NGO working in the field of

environment conservation

 Established on 2000
Cont…
 It works for generating mass awareness,
capacity building and advocacy for disaster
risk reduction, climate change and natural
resources conservation
3)Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research
and Development (LI-BIRD)

 It is committed for sustainable management

of renewable natural resources and to
improve the livelihoods of resource poor
and marginalized people.

 LI-BIRD recognizes that adaptation to

climate change will be required by all
countries.
Assignment

 Read about the role players in environmental health.

Reference

 Ghimire ,P,Environmental health

 https://www.libird.org/non governmental
organization
Retrieved on Date 10/1/2020

 https://www.econepal.org/non governmental
organization
Retrieved on Date 10/1/2020
Cont…
 https:www.lawcommission.gov.np/governmental
organization
Retrieved on Date 10/1/2020

https:www.cen.org.np/
Retrieved on Date 10/1/2020