4E Circles

The relationship we are going to look at today is circle

Consider a circle in a coordinate

plane with centre the origin and
radius r. If P(x,y) is a point on the
circle, its distance from the origin is
r and so by Pythagoras’ theorem

All circles can be considered as

being transformations of this basic
graph.
 Circle
Shape Equation

The equation for a circle is

Where the centre of the circle is

the point (h,k) and the radius is r
General form for the equation of a circle is:
If we expand the general equation:

2 2
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2 h𝑥 − 2 𝑘𝑦 + 𝑐 =0
 Semicircles
Rearrange the general equation to make y the subject,
 𝑦 =+ √ 𝑟 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 =− √ 𝑟 2 − 𝑥 2

a- Y coordinate of the centre

b- X coordinate of the centre