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BC W1 Limits2
BC W1 Limits2
Basic Calculus
Week
1 Illustrating Limits of a
Function
After going through this learning material, you are expected to:
1.) illustrate the limit of a function using table of values and graph of the
function;
2.)distinguish between and f(c);
3.) illustrate the limit laws; and
4.) apply the limit laws in evaluating the limit of algebraic functions
(polynomial, rational and radical).
Week
1 Second Semester
Basic Calculus
Limit is defined as the unique real value that f(x) will approach
as x approaches c.
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1
Limits
*note: limit of the of the left and right side should be equal,
if not, limit does not exist (written as DNE).
2. The other way is by using the limit theorems.
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Limits using table of values
= 18 = 18
= 18
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Limits Graph of f(x) = 2 + 4x = 18
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1
Limits
2 + 4(4)
f(4) = 18
= 18 f(4) = 18
= 18 f(c) = 18
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1
Limits
lim ( 𝑥 − 3) lim ¿
−
𝑥⟶1 +¿ 2
𝑥⟶1 ( 𝑥 + 5) ¿
= -2 =6
= DNE
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1
Limits
2 + 4(4)
f(4) = 18
= 18 f(4) = 18
= 18 f(c) = 18
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Piecewise Function
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = -1
𝑥⟶−2
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = DNE
𝑥⟶0
lim ( 𝑥 − 3) lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =1
−
lim ¿ 𝑥⟶1
𝑥⟶1 +¿ 2
𝑥⟶1 ( 𝑥 + 5) ¿
= -2 =6 lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = DNE
𝑥⟶2
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )
𝑥⟶4
= DNE
= DNE
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =
𝑥⟶1 {
𝑥 − 3 , 𝑥< 1
2
¿ 𝑥 +5 , 𝑥 ≥ 1
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Piecewise Function
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝐷𝑁𝐸
𝑥⟶−4
= -2 =6 lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = 𝐷𝑁𝐸
𝑥⟶1
= DNE
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )= 𝐷𝑁𝐸
𝑥⟶−8
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =0
𝑥⟶−4
lim ( 𝑥 − 3) lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =3
−
lim ¿ 𝑥⟶2
𝑥⟶1 +¿ 2
𝑥⟶1 ( 𝑥 + 5) ¿
= -2 =6 lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )= 𝐷𝑁𝐸
𝑥⟶6
lim 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =0
𝑥 ⟶ 10
= DNE
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Limit Theorems
1. The limit of a constant is itself.
ex. =8
=4
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Examples Limit Theorems
Addition Theorem
Solution:
2
¿ lim 𝑥 − lim 5 𝑥+ lim 6
𝑥⟶ 5 𝑥⟶5 𝑥 ⟶5
¿ 25−25+6
¿6
Division Theorem
2 2
Solution: 𝑥lim 𝑥 +5 𝑥 +10 lim 𝑥 + lim 5 𝑥 + lim 10
⟶1 𝑥⟶1 𝑥⟶ 1 𝑥⟶1
¿ ¿
lim 𝑥+ 1 lim 𝑥 + lim 1
𝑥⟶ 1 𝑥⟶ 1 𝑥⟶1
1+5+10 16
¿
1+1
¿
2
¿8
Week
Illustrating Limits of a Function
1 Examples Limit Theorems
2 2
Solution: lim 𝑥 − 3 𝑥 +2 lim 𝑥 − lim 3 𝑥 + lim 2
𝑥⟶2 𝑥⟶2 𝑥⟶ 2 𝑥⟶ 2
¿ ¿
lim 𝑥 − 2 lim 𝑥 − lim 2
𝑥 ⟶2 𝑥⟶ 2 𝑥 ⟶2
4 − 6 +2 0
¿ ¿ ¿ 𝐷𝑁𝐸
2 −2 0
Look for another solution