• Web Applications

• Web Services
• Client-server
• Enterprise computing for
Medical Imaging
Informatics
 • a software program that exists on the
server and runs using a web browser,
through a web page

Web • created using a combination of

Application programming languages and a web

application framework

• allows user inactivity and is designed for

many uses
 STATIC WEB APPS E-COMME RCE APPS
• directly delivers the content to the end user’s
• allows businesses to sell goods using a single platform
browser without fetching any data from the server.
• Expand your business globally by reaching maximum
• known to be simple and effortless to develop
audience
across the web.

DYNAMIC WEB APPS

• Add a little generates the data in real-time based on P O R TA L W E B A P P
• allow scale organization and its processes by
the user’s request and server response of body text.
• Easy user management to protect your server and allowing personalized access and user-centric
manage all the users on the website navigation based on the user’s needs.

CONTENT MANAGEMENT PROGRESSIVE WEB APPS

• known as cross-platform web applications which use
SYSTEM
• Is a software application that enables user to create, the features, and progressive enhancement methods
edit, collaborate on, publish and store digital content to offer you an experience like a native mobile app.
Web Apps Framework
F R O N T- E N D D E V E L O P M E N T
-the part of a website that the user interacts with directly.

JAVASCRIPT HTML CSS

The principal client-side programming
language for any type of web
development. Nearly 100% of web
developers use Javascript for coding
client-side behavior into their website
or web application.
This is because Javascript allows
developers to build dynamic websites.
Basic functionality like scrolling bars
and clickable buttons
HyperText Markup Language
(HTML) is responsible for
structuring the content of a
web page, HTML is another
core technology of web
development.
Cascading Style Scripts
(CSS) is a language for
denoting the presence of
a web page. Just like
JavaScript and HTML, it is
a foundation technology
making the World Wide
Web.
Web Apps Framework
BACK-END DEVELOPMENT
• stores and arranges data
• does not come in contact with the user
PHP
PHP is a server-side
scripting language
designed specifically for
web development
JAVA PYTHON
Java is one of the most Python is a
popular and widely used programming language
programming languages that lets you work
and platforms. It is highly quickly and integrate
scalable. Java components systems more
are easily available effi ciently.
WEB
SERVICES
a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine
interaction over a network.
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS:
• Available over the internet or intranet
networks
• Standardized XML messaging system
• Independent of a single operating system or
programming language
• Self-describing via standard XML language
• Discoverable through a simple location
method
 API XML
Application Program Interface is a connection
between computers or computer programs Extensible Markup Language defines the
set of rules for encoding documents in a
Requesting an action: format that is both human-readable and
Message format
• SOAP
HTTP verbs
• POST - create the resources
machine readable.
• REST • GET - read the resources
• JSON • PUT - modify or update
• PATCH - small modifications
• DELETE
 WEB SERVICES
TECHNOLOGIES
WSDL

• Web Services Description

Language
SOAP • it defines the messages and the REST
operations of service in XML

• Simple Object Access Protocol • Representational State Transfer

• a technology to support the exchange of • a software architectural standard that
XML-coded messages over a transport was created to guide the design and
protocol, such as HTTP UDDI development of web services.

• Universal Desription, Discovery and

Integration
• Online electronic registry for registering
business and web services.
SOAP vs. REST WEB SERVICES
 API WEB SERVICES
• can be hosted • can only be hosted
within an app or on IIS
• Both are accessed
Internet Information • requires SOAP to
through HTTP/HTTPS to
Services enable communication send and receive
• lightweight between services
network data
• can use any form of providers and
customers • o n l y u s e s S O A P,
communication
• Both call a function, REST and XML-RPC
• APIs support URL, process data and
• only support HTTP
request/response receive a response
headers, caching,
versioning, content
formats
CLIENT-SERVER MODEL
distribution application framework dividing tasks between servers and
clients, which reside in the same system or communicate through the
Internet.

CLIENT
a computer hardware device or software that uses a server to
access a service.

SERVER
runs one or more programs that share resources with and
distribute work among clients.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIENT SERVER
COMPUTING
• The client-server computing works with a system of request and response. The
client sends a request to the server and the server responds with the desired
information.
• The client and server should follow a common communication protocol so they can
easily interact with each other. All the communication protocols are available at the
application layer.
• A server can only accommodate a limited number of client requests at a time. So it
uses a system based on priority to respond to the requests.
• Denial of Service attacks hinders servers' ability to respond to authentic client
requests by inundating it with false requests.
CATEGORIES OF CLIENT-SERVER COMPUTING
The four main categories of client-server computing:

• O n e - Ti e r a r c h i t e c t u r e : c o n s i s t s o f a s i m p l e p r o g r a m r u n n i n g o n a s i n g l e
computer without requiring access to the network.
• Tw o - Ti e r a r c h i t e c t u r e : a s o f t w a r e a r c h i t e c t u r e i n w h i c h a p r e s e n t a t i o n l a y e r o r
interface runs on a client, and a data layer or data structure gets stored on a
s e r v e r.
• T h r e e - Ti e r a r c h i t e c t u r e : c o n s i s t s o f a p r e s e n t a t i o n t i e r, w h i c h i s t h e U s e r
I n t e r f a c e l a y e r, t h e a p p l i c a t i o n t i e r, w h i c h i s t h e s e r v i c e l a y e r t h a t p e r f o r m s
d e t a i l e d p r o c e s s i n g , a n d t h e d a t a t i e r, w h i c h c o n s i s t s o f a d a t a b a s e s e r v e r t h a t
stores information.
• N - Ti e r a r c h i t e c t u r e : d i v i d e s a n a p p l i c a t i o n i n t o l o g i c a l l a y e r s a n d p h y s i c a l
layers.
 ENTERPRISE COMPUTING
FOR MEDICAL IMAGING
INFORMATICS
ENTERPRISE COMPUTING
the use of technology, information systems, and computers
within an organization or business. Personal computing is the
use of technology by an individual for business or personal
activities.

MEDICAL IMAGING INFORMATICS

t h e c o l l e c t i v e n a m e w a s g i v e n t o t h e fi e l d o f w o r k a n d
c o m b i n a t i o n o f t e c h n o l o g i e s t h a t p rov i d e t h e f e a t u r e s o f a
paper-less or paper-lite department.
EXAMPLE OF ENTERPRISE COMPUTING FOR MEDICAL
IMAGING INFORMATICS
•There are cloud versions for services including picture archiving and
communication system, radiology information system, and electronic healthcare
record. Cloud computing evolved from the application service providers in the
early 2000s that sold deep storage and enterprise archiving, Prior said. In the ‘60s
and ’70s, a large insurance company might have a huge mainframe and use only a
small portion of it and they offered “time sharing,” to help cover the costs. What
makes cloud computing different is that now we’re all wired and we’re used to
being able to stream information to our devices. As the amount of data that needs
storage multiplies, physicians are seeking better and cheaper ways to manage it.
Cloud native applications, however, offer tremendous benefits, the most significant of
which is requiring far fewer management updates than a hardware-based solution. These
solutions also provide the necessary computing power to process data and can scale more
easily to meet the needs of a growing enterprise.

Other advantages of cloud solutions include:

• Scalable storage, which improves efficiency and enables easy, yet secure,
access by clinicians
• Disaster recovery
• No capital outlay or ongoing service costs related to hardware procurement
• Ongoing maintenance and upgrades with little or no obsolescence
• Improved security profile to maintain HIPAA compliance, especially crucial in
light of the millions of dollars of penalties already assessed in 2018.
ENTERPRISE
ARCHIVES
When marketed separately, enterprise archives
(EAs) are typically supplier neutral achieved with
equivalent functionality to a Level 4 or Level 5
vendor-neutral archive. They represent the ultimate
in supplier detachment and freedom but require
experienced staff to install, maintain, and manage
them. EAs will almost exclusively rely on Open
Source or locally maintained software to operate.
CROSS-ENTERPRISE
DOCUMENT SHARING FOR
IMAGING
The integrating the healthcare enterprise initiative was launched by vendors
and healthcare professionals to improve the sharing of healthcare data
between systems that have the same function (but perhaps different vendors,
layouts, or stylistic differences). Cross-Enterprise Document Sharing for Imaging
complements health level 7 and digital imaging and communications in
medicine standards by providing the facility to centrally register documents
against a patient, and distribute and provide access to them without necessarily
making copies.
 CROSS-ENTERPRISE DOCUMENT
SHARING FOR IMAGING OVERVIEW
 ENTERPRISE INTEGRATION AND
SERVICE MANAGEMENT
When delivering any IT service, including those used to support radiology, there are
additional requirements beyond the boundaries of the system in question itself.
For example, reporting staff may be convinced they prefer one particular brand of
application over another due to look-and-feel, but there is a far deeper level of
consideration to be undertaken in order for these systems to remain operational
and useful. This 'background' work is mainly carried out by the staff who are
commonly found in the institution's basement (the IT department). For example,
even for a simple offi ce productivity suite (the most common in the NHS being
Microsoft Offi ce), a key consideration is whether this should be installed locally on
each workstation, or perhaps a cloud-based version should be utilized instead.