REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

By
Fadhil Abdulrazzaq Kareem

Absorption refrigeration system

 The absorption refrigeration system was invented by the French
scientist Ferdinand Carré in 1858. Moreover, later patented in the
United States in 1860. Commercial production began in 1925 by the
newly company ( Electrolux).
These cycles are also economical where inexpensive heat sources such
as geothermal energy, solar energy and cheap natural gas are available.
These systems are also called as heat operated or thermal energy
driven systems. Since conventional absorption, systems use natural
refrigerant such as water or ammonia they are environmentally
friendly. In the vapors absorption system, the compressor is replaced
by the absorption system needs at least two fluids. One fluid act as a
refrigerant while the other as an absorber
 Components in the Absorption cycle

• ❑ Absorber:
• ❑ Generator
•❑
Condenser
•❑
Evaporator
• Absorber: Water vapor from
an evaporator is absorbed into
a lithium bromide solution
(Strong Solution)
• Generator : Water vapor
generation in a high
concentration solution by
receiving heat (Weak
Solution)
• Evaporator absorbs external
heat and evaporates.
• Condenser: heat exchange
with cooling water and steam
condensation in Condenser.
REFRIGERANT / ABSORBENT OF ABSORPTION
SYSTEM REFRIGERANT / ABSORBENT

• ❑ Water Refrigerant System (H2O/LiBr)

• ❑ Ammonia Refrigerant System (NH3/H2O)
• ❑ Alcohol Refrigerant System
• ❑ Halocarbon refrigerant System
Refrigerant / Absorbent of Absorption system Comparison
Water-Ammonia System for Industry
X1=X2=50 %
X3=X4=66.4 %
m2= m3 + m5
m1=m2= 0.6 kg/s

m2 X2 = m3 * X3
0.6*0.5=m3*0.664
m3= 0.452 kg/s

m2= m3 + m5
0.6= 0.452+m5
m5=0.148 kg/s
m1 *h1 + m3 * h3 = m2 *h2 + m4 * h4

(0.6*-168) + (0.452*-53)=
(0.6*-120)+(0.452 * h4)

h4= -116 kJ/kg

Pcond = P gen = 5.62 kPa
Pevap = P abs = 1.23 kPa

X1=X2=50 %
X3=X4=69 %
m2= m3 + m5
m1=m2= 0.6 kg/s

m2 X2 = m3 * X3
0.6*0.5=m3*0.69
m3= 0.435 kg/s

m2= m3 + m5
0.6= 0.435+m5
m5=0.165 kg/s
m1 *h1 + m3 * h3 = m2 *h2 + m4 * h4

(0.6*-168) + (0.435*-54)=
(0.6*-120)+ (0.435 * h4)

h4= -120 kJ/kg