Rankine Cycle And It's Derivatives

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Introduction to Rankine Cycle and its Derivatives

The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle

used in power plants to convert heat into
mechanical work.

It is named after Scottish engineer William John

Macquorn Rankine, who developed the concept
in the 19th century.

Rankine cycle derivatives include the

Regenerative Rankine Cycle, Reheat Rankine
Cycle, and Supercritical Rankine Cycle.
Basic Rankine Cycle

The basic Rankine cycle consists of four

components: a boiler, a turbine, a condenser,
and a pump.

Heat is added to the working fluid in the boiler,

converting water into steam.

The high-pressure steam expands through the

turbine, producing mechanical work.
Regenerative Rankine Cycle

The Regenerative Rankine Cycle uses

feedwater heaters to improve thermal efficiency.

Some of the steam leaving the turbine is

diverted to preheat the feedwater before
entering the boiler.

Preheating the feedwater reduces the amount of

heat required in the boiler, increasing overall
efficiency.
Reheat Rankine Cycle

The Reheat Rankine Cycle improves the

efficiency of the basic Rankine cycle by using
multiple stages of expansion.

After the steam expands through the first

turbine stage, it is reheated in the boiler before
entering the second turbine stage.

Reheating the steam increases its average

temperature and allows for additional
expansion, resulting in higher efficiency.
Supercritical Rankine Cycle

The Supercritical Rankine Cycle operates at

pressures and temperatures above the critical
point of the working fluid.

The critical point is the highest temperature and

pressure at which a substance can exist as a
liquid and a gas simultaneously.

By operating in the supercritical region, the

cycle can achieve higher thermal efficiencies
compared to subcritical cycles.
Advantages of Rankine Cycle Derivatives

Regenerative Rankine Cycle improves thermal

efficiency by utilizing waste heat.

Reheat Rankine Cycle allows for higher

expansion ratios, increasing overall efficiency.

Supercritical Rankine Cycle achieves higher

efficiencies due to higher temperatures and
pressures.
Applications of Rankine Cycle Derivatives

Rankine cycle derivatives are widely used in

power plants, including coal-fired, nuclear, and
geothermal power plants.

The Regenerative Rankine Cycle is commonly

used in combined heat and power systems.

Supercritical Rankine Cycle is utilized in

advanced fossil fuel power plants for improved
efficiency.
Conclusion

The Rankine cycle and its derivatives are

fundamental in power generation and energy
conversion.

These cycles have evolved to improve thermal

efficiency and meet the increasing demand for
sustainable energy solutions.

Understanding and optimizing Rankine cycle

derivatives play a crucial role in the design and
operation of power plants.