Child and

Adolescent
Learning
Principles

PROFED 601
 About me!

Christle Joy
Name: Manalo Age: 19 years old

Purok II, Dansuli,

Sultan Kudarat State
Address: Isulan, Sultan School: University
Kudarat

BSED-Social
Course: Studies Subject: PROFED 601

“Aim for success, not perfection. Never give up your right to be wrong,
because then you will lose the ability to learn new things and move
forward with your life. Remember that fear always lurks behind
perfectionism.”
David M. Burns
 Narrative
The subject is critical in the process of preparing future educators like me to
be aware of and learn about children, and this lesson focuses on the cognitive,
biological, social, moral, and emotional development of children and
adolescents. Its goal is to provide students with the theoretical knowledge,
appropriate values, and pedagogical skills necessary to effectively deal with
learners at various levels by investigating various theories and learning
principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on well-
established research trends. Throughout the course of the lesson, I was
constantly reminded that it is not just the profession that matters, but also
being a friend, a guardian and being a teacher at the same time who the
student can easily approach to. This lesson have created a new set of views in
me and had realized that in order for me to properly understand my students, I
need to know their personalities, capabilities and ofcourse their weaknesses.
 Lesson guide containing
STRATEGIES and ACTIVITIES
that are developmentally
appropriate among: infants,
toddlers, middle and late
childhood, adolescence
 INFANTS

Infant
babies learn to focus their vision, reach
out, explore and learn about the things
that are around them. During this stage,
babies are also developing bonds of love
and trust with their parents and others as
part of social and emotional
development. Here are some activities
and strategies that are developmentally
suited for infants:

Make different facial expressions for your

baby to imitate
•Put toys around your baby to encourage
movement
•Read books, sing songs, and recite nursery
rhymes together. Babies enjoy cloth books
with different textures, flaps and puppets.
•Engage in one-on-one play or conversation-
take the infant’s lead and follow her or his
interests.
•Introduce turn-taking games like rolling a
ball back and forth or peekaboo.
 TODDLERS

Toddlers are capable of and what to do many

more things by themselves, such as walking,
talking, etc. they also have strong emotions
about their experiences but they do not yet have
control over these emotions, which can results in
tantrums. Here are some activities and strategies
that are developmentally suited for toddlers:

•Use simple words and demonstrate to explain

limits
•Begin to offer supports for negotiating materials
and ideas, e.g., “I would like to use the toys in 5
minutes” or “ Can I be next?”
•Let your children learn to match things that go
together as he/she starts to recognize letters,
numbers, colors and shapes.
•They are more engage in active play that includes
jumping, climbing, running and exploring (push-
pull toys, big balls for throwing and kicking,
drawing and coloring books)
•Notice and make comments about their
accomplishments
•Be available to help toddlers who come to you for
assistance
 MIDDLE AND LATE
CHILDHOOD
Children gain greater control over the
movement of their bodies, mastering
many gross and fine motor skills that
eluded the younger child. Changes in the
brain during this age enable not only
physical development, but contribute to
greater reasoning and flexibility of
thought. Here are some activities and
strategies that are developmentally suited
for middle and late childhood:

•Do fun things together as a family, such as

playing games, reading and going to events in
your community
•Talk with your child about school, friends and
things she/he looks forward to in the future.
•Support your child in taking new challenges.
Encourage her to solve problems, such as
disagreement with another child, on her own.
•Performing complex physical activities such as
playing basketball.
•Use songs with finger plays to develop fine
motor skills.
 ADOLESCENCE
It is the developmental transition
to adulthood that includes rapid
changes in the brain and body,
often at different rates and it is a
time for healthy exploration of
identity and learning
independence. It can also be a
stressful or challenging for teens
because of these rapid changes.
Here are some activities and
strategies that are developmentally
suited for adolescence:

•Music groups and listening to music

•Individuation – teenagers develop their
own unique identity
•Separation- teenagers begin to break
away from their parent’s control and
domination
•Autonomy- teenagers begin to assert
control over their lives and learn to govern
themselves.
•Cooperation- teenagers must learn that in
order to be successful in the world they
must learn to cooperate with other
As a future teacher, what should you do if you notice a student
having difficulty with social and interactional skills?

Answer:

As a teacher, the first thing I’d probably do is run a background

check on the student to learn more about their background, which
could indicate some reasons for their reluctance, then set up a one-
on-one tutorial with them. I may need to see my other pupils at the
same time to avoid calling attention to the fact that I have chosen
them out for a tutorial. Some kids are simply shy, while others prefer
to listen to others because they don’t want to appear as a’swot’ in
front of their friends. One example that could trigger a bashful
student is when the teacher is requiring the class to do a group
activity. Working with another student is the least daunting for a shy
or reticent learner, therefore I’ll employ pair work for portion of my
session. I’ll also ask a few more targeted questions to individual
pupils, choosing questions that my ‘awkward’ student can
answer. Most of us have ‘issues’ about speaking in front of groups,
such as embarrassment about getting things wrong or not appearing
as excellent as our peers. As a future teacher, I need to consider how
I might compliment my students without appearing overbearing.
Keep an eye on the student’s interactions and praise them
appropriately to boost their self-esteem.