Professional Documents
Culture Documents
010 古文英译:理论与实践
010 古文英译:理论与实践
Warm-up Exercise
1.
1.
2.
3.
(The Four Books)
(The Five Classics)
(The Verse/Elegies of Chu
The Songs/Poetry of the South)
(Zuos Commentary)
(Strategies/Intrigues of the
Warring StatesAnecdotes of the
Warring States)
505434
""
483402
551--479
20
2221
372-289
:
The Great Learning
,
The Doctrine of the Mean,
The Confucian Analects ,
The Analects of Confucius
(The Works of) Mencius
The Book of Poetry/Songs/Odes,
or The Classic of Poetry,
The Book of History/Documents, or
The Classic of History
,
The Book of Rites or The Record of
Rites
,
The Book of Change (s) ,
The Spring and Autumn (Annals)
(Ezra Pound)
Songs
Odes
Hymns
1500
8540
--
(Mozi; Mo Tzu)
(Zhuangzi; Chuang Tzu)
(Liezi)
(Xunzi)
(Hanfeizi)
Lao Zi; Lao Tzu; Laotse
813744
Sinology
Sinologist
,
19
(James Legge,
1815-1897)1858
40
(The Chinese
Classics)
:
A(Herbert A. Giles)
Gems of Chinese Literature
History of Chinese Literature
(Arthur Waley)
(Lionel Giles)
(Burton Watson)
Cyril Birch
(David Hawkes)
The Story of the Stone
24
240
120
(1791)
1Three Kingdoms
(Moss Roberts,
1994)
2San Guo, or Romance of the Three
Kingdoms
(C. H. Brewitt-Taylor, Kelly and
Walsh Limited, 1925)
1Journey to the West
1Outlaws of the Marsh (Sidney Shapiro)
1981
1A Dream of Red Mansions
(1994)
2The Story of the Stone
(David Hawkes 1973)
1 (Equivalent)
:
;
;
;
)
1. The day is hard to pass
Turning, tossing!
waycourse
practicecharacteristictruth
doctrine
The Way that can be told of is not an
Unvarying Way;
Arthur Waley
The Tao that can be trodden is
not the enduring and unchanging Tao.
The Tao that can be told of
(25.5)
Thus just as Tao has this greatness
and as earth has it and as heaven has it,
so may the man also have it.
(25.6)
The ways of men are conditioned by
those of earth.
The ways of earth, by those of heaven.
The ways of heaven by those of Tao,
and the ways of Tao by the Self-so.
()
6
6
()
In eighth moon down the dates we beat.
()
(1)(
)
(2)()
1
It is bootless to discuss accomplished facts,
to protest against things past remedy, to find
fault with bygone things.
2
1. She replied, Thy unworthy handmaid is
just sixteen.
2. Your servant is just sixteen. She replied.
1. I think he has signed his own death
warrant without being oppressed in the
least.
2. He is delivering himself into our
hands! We did not force him.
1.
Empires wax and wane; states cleave
asunder and coalesce.
2.
Here begins our tale. The empire, long
divided, must unite; long united, must
divide. Thus it has ever been.
Arthru Waley:
He was obliged to employ his magic
powers. Pulling out a handful of his
finest down, he tossed it into his mouth
an bit it into ever smaller pieces; then
he spat it out, crying Change!
Jenner:
So he performed a spell by pulling
several hairs from his body, chewing
them up, spitting them up, saying the
magic words, and shouting Change.
1SVC
2
1SVC
1
2
3
4
SVC + +
2
by
1
be + done by sb.
Those who work with their minds rule
others; those who work with their
strength are ruled by others.
With all my land of Wu and all my
troops of a hundred thousand strong, I
cannot let myself be resigned to a rule
by aliens.
Chinese Prose Writings Through the
Ages1996.
!
Our lord is too kind-hearted. Go in,
drink a toast and offer to perform a
sword dance. Then strike the lord of
Pei down where he sits. If you dont do
this, we will all be captured by him in
the future.
4
Can the faithful being suspected and
the loyal being slandered have no
complaints?
hypotaxis
A good deed is no good deed if it is
done for show. An evil deed is all the
worse if it is covered up.
2
The Master said, When I walk along
with two others, they may serve me as
my teachers. I will select their good
qualities and follow them, their bad
qualities and avoid them.
He who loves others is constantly
loved by them.
He who respects others is constantly
respected by them.
Mencius said, The people are the most
important element in a nation; the
spirits of the land and the grain are the
next; the sovereign is the lightest.
He who finds the proper course has
many to assist him.
He who loses the proper course has
few to assist him.
2
(verb prominence vs. nouns,
prepositions and participles prominence)
You rode a bamboo horse and deemed
yourself a knight,
With paper helm and shield and
wooden sword bedight.
W. A. P. Martin
My whitening hair would make a long
long rope,
yet could not fathom all my depth of
woe.
Herbert Giles
4
(omission vs. comprehensiveness)
The Master, standing by a stream, said,
It passes on just like this, not ceasing
day or night!
(James Legge)
1
thereit
()
There was a great snowfall, twenty-five inches
deep.
()
In spring of the third year it did not rain, in
summer, it did.
()
The day was raw, a heavy rain was falling,
and the men were hungry and cold.
()
The duke said, Those who pursue evil
courses will eventually encompass
their own ruin. You will see.
()
do evil deeds frequently
keep on doing unrighteous deeds.
()
Hence the saying: If you know the
enemy and know yourself, you will fight
a hundred battles with no danger of
defeat. If you know yourself but not the
enemy, you will win one battle and lose
one battle. If you know neither the
enemy nor yourself, you will suffer
defeat in every battle.
()
The donkey lost its temper and kicked
out.
Being greatly irritated, the ass gave him
a kick.
()
Treat with the reverence due to age the
elders in your own family, so that the
elders in the families of others shall be
similarly treated.
2
,
()
Some time later, Yang Jizhu was killed.
()
If you dont do this, we will all end up his
captives.
(
)
Those who work with their minds rule
others; those who with their strength
are ruled by others. Those who are ruled
by others support them; those who rule
others are supported by them. This is a
principle universally recognized.
(
)
Bah! he cried, Advice is wasted on a
fool.
()
1Alas, since men have long
ceased learning from teachers, it is hard
not to be ignorant.
2Alas, it has been a long time
since the tradition of taking teachers
was honored! And so it is difficult to
expect to be free from doubts.
Autumn maple leaves are even redder than
the spring flowers.
A thousand-li journey begins with the first
step (is started by taking the first step).
Now I see my men good,
My heart is glad and light.
A bosom friend afar brings a distant land
near.
A solitary wild duck joins the speeding
sunset clouds;
The autumn waters and the sky share the
same hue.
If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge,
so as continually to be acquiring the new, he
may be a teacher of others.